Cerebral and peripheral pathophysiology of delayed emotional disturbances associated with neuropathic pain

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Nerve injury triggered affective disturbances such as depression and anxiety that appeared much later than sensory hypersensitivity in mice. The alpha-2A adrenergic receptor may play a role in the neural mechanism of affective disturbances. Systemic daily morphine enhanced the analgesic effect of intrathecal dexmedetomidine via up-regulation of the alpha-2A,-2B and-2C adrenergic receptors in lumber dorsal root ganglion and dorsal horn in mice. In the trigeminal neuropathic pain model rats, intrathecal serotonin 2C receptor agonists produced antiallodynic effect. This effect was attenuated by intrathecal pretreatment with the serotonin 2C receptor antagonist. These results indicate that the serotonin 2C receptor plays a role in spinal inhibition of trigeminal neuropathic pain