Nature versus Nurture in Knowledge Management : Balancing the Influence of Organizational Characteristics, National Culture, and Institutional Forces

知识管理不仅被认为是可持续竞争优势的来源，而且也是竞争力的主要驱动力。然而，每个组织及其实践、人员和机构环境都是独一无二的，因此需要定制解决方案。因此，准确地确定影响知识管理的规范因素及其影响将使企业能够提高生产率，并最终在艰难的国际环境中保持竞争力。

Knowledge management has been recognized not only as a source of sustainable competitive advantage, but also as a primary driver for competitiveness. However, each organization, with its practices, people, and institutional environment is unique, and therefore requires customized solutions. Consequently, identifying precisely the prescriptive factors influencing knowledge management and their effect will enable firms to be more productive and eventually remain competitive in tough international environments.