Migrants women from former French colonial Subsaharan Africa and their social inclusion in France : women' s truggles for citizen ship rights

本研究考察了来自前法属撒哈拉以南非洲殖民地国家的移徙妇女的生活状况，她们面临着两个方面的困难：一方面，她们遭受了原籍国的“传统”仪式，如女性生殖器切割（FGM），危及年轻女孩的健康和妇女的生活质量；另一方面，新移民妇女正面临越来越严厉的法国移民政策，将入境条件限制在家庭团聚。为了面对这些问题，移民妇女在原籍国和接受国之间建立了社会网络，互相帮助。通过这些网络，他们试图向非洲人提供人力援助和支持。在本研究期间，2007-2008年，举报人协会还代表新来的非正规妇女参与了大规模的难民身份要求。由于法国难民政治逐渐限制给予完全的难民地位，“辅助保护”现在是他们唯一能实现的但非常脆弱的地位。在两个国家之间，妇女的地位不同且脆弱，但她们试图获得最低限度的保护和在接收国生活的可能性。

This research examines living conditions of migrant women from former French colonial Subsaharan African countries who are confronting with difficulties in two dimension : in one side, they have been suffered from" traditional" rituals of sending countries such as female genital mutilation(FGM) which endanger young girls' health and women' s quality of life ; in the other side, newcomer women are encountering with more and more repressive French immigration policies restricting entering conditions to family reunification.To face these problems, migrant women organize social networks between sending and receiving countries to help each other. By these networks, they try to provide human aids and supports to those in Africa. During this research, in 2007-2008, informant' s association has also participated massive demands of refugee status on behalf of newly arrived irregular women. Since French refugee politics become gradually restrictive to accord full refugee status," subsidiary protection" is now the only but very vulnerable status they can achieve. Being between two states, women' s statuses vary and fragile but they try to obtain a minimum protection and possibilities to live in receiving country.