The Elementary Schools and the Communities in Modern Hokkaido: With a Focus on Hokkaido Reclamation and the Spread of Education

北海道填海造地政策阻碍了小学教育的普及。为了打破这一局面，北海道政府承认了教育内容和机构简单的小学。然而，它对北海道的居民征收了大量的教育费用。由居民传播的北海道的小学教育承担了大量的教育费用，并建立了kan'ikyoikujo。

The policy of Hokkaido reclamation blocked the spread of elementary school education. To break it, the Hokkaido government recognized kan'ikyoikujo having simple education contents and institution as the elementary school. However, it imposed a large amount of educational expenses on Hokkaido's inhabitants. The elementary school education of Hokkaido spread by inhabitants bore a large amount of educational expenses, and having established kan'ikyoikujo.