An inclusive study of Bellman equation in dynamic programming and applications to mathematical economics

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This research investigates an analytic solution of Bellman equation in dynamic programming and applies it to mathematical economics. The Bellman equation governs an optimal behavior of an asssociated dynamic optimization problem. A desired optimal solution of the optimization problem is characterized through optimal solution of the Bellman equation, which consists of a pair of optimal policy and optimal value function. We derive a dual equation from a given (primal) Bellman euation, which yields a dual dynamic optimization problem of a given (primal) problem. Optimal solutions of the two problems are obtained by solving the corresponding Bellman equations. The dual theory is applied to economic growth model in economic dynamics.