Examination of an educational program for grandparents aiming at the substantial aid-for-childcare system for mothers with babies less than 12 months old

这项研究的目的是研究一项针对祖父母的教育计划，旨在培养在母亲期望的支持和祖母想要提供的支持之间进行协调的能力，以及如何有效地提供和接受双方都满意的支持。首先，进行了一项调查，以调查祖母(亲生母亲)在婴儿出生后4个月内向母亲提供的支持类型。发给母亲的问卷涉及她们从祖母那里得到的支持，而发给祖母的问卷涉及她们实际向母亲提供的支持，以及每个人对提供的支持的满意程度。祖母向母亲提供各种类型的支持，如家务、精神支持和育儿信息，直到分娩后大约4个月。然而，祖母们对她们提供的支持并不一定满意。此外，母亲们对她们得到的支持并不满意，因为她们没有得到她们所期望的支持类型，特别是在育儿信息方面。在接下来的调查中，我们调查了祖母(亲生母亲和岳母)和母亲对祖母提供的支持不满意的原因。我们发现，虽然母亲们承认这种支持是育儿信息，但祖母们认为这种类型的支持是精神支持。这种对祖母和母亲之间提供的支持的认可程度的差异被认为是影响祖母和母亲的不满情绪的一个因素。这些结果表明，祖母和母亲对支持的认知和角色意识不同。为了提供和接受令祖母和母亲都满意的有效支持，有必要相互理解对每种支持类型的认可和角色意识。

The purpose of this research is to examine an educational program for grandparents that aims at nurturing the ability to coordinate between the support that a mother expects and the support that a grandmother would like to offer, and how to effectively offer and receive that support with mutual satisfaction. First, a survey was performed to investigate the types of support that were offered by grandmothers (birth mothers) to mothers within 4 months after the baby’s delivery. Questionnaires to mothers concerned the support they received from the grandmothers, while those to grandmothers concerned the support they actually offered to mothers, and to what extent each was satisfied with the offer. Grandmothers offered various types of support such as housekeeping, mental support,and child-rearing information to mothers until approximately 4 months after the delivery. However, grandmothers were not necessarily satisfied with their offers of support. In addition, mothers were not satisfied with the support they received, because they did not receive the types of support that they had expected, especially in terms of child-rearing information. In the next survey, we examined the reasons both grandmothers (birth mothers and mothers-in-law) and mothers were not satisfied with the support the grandmothers offered. We found that while mothers recognized the support offered as child-rearing information, grandmothers considered this type of support to be mental support. This discrepancy between the recognition of the support offered between grandmothers and mothers was considered a factor that influences the feeling of dissatisfaction in both grandmothers and mothers. These results suggest that recognition and role consciousness for support differs between grandmothers and mothers. In order to deliver and receive effective support that satisfies both grandmothers and mothers, mutual understanding of the recognition and role consciousness for each type of support is necessary.