Cerebral activity preceding voluntary exercise - generation of central command

自愿运动之前的大脑活动——中央命令的产生

• 批准号: 23300217
• 负责人: MATSUKAWA Kanji
• 金额: $ 12.48万
• 依托单位: Hiroshima University
• 依托单位国家: 日本
• 项目类别: Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (B)
• 财政年份: 2011
• 资助国家: 日本
• 起止时间: 2011-04-01 至 2014-03-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-23300217/
• 关键词: セントラルコマンド; 脳活動の計測; 循環調節; 随意運動; スポーツ科学; リハビリテーション; 運動の精神イメージ; 中枢性循環調節; 大脳皮質; 中脳腹側被蓋野; 動脈血圧反射

We conducted human and animal studies to explore neural mechanisims of generating central command responsible for feedforward control of circulation during exercise. When measuring cerebral cortical activity with near infrared spectroscopy at various sites of the frontal lobe in humans, prefrontal activity increased preceding the exercise onset while motor areas never showed such activity. Animal study was performed to examine whether neural circuits in the brainstem, particularly the midbrain ventral tegmental area (VTA), may play a role in generating central command. Injection of a GABA antagonist into VTA increased renal sympathetic outflow and blood pressure and caused rhythmic motor nerve discharges, whereas injection of a GABA agonist stopped spontaneous motor activity. Blood flow and c-fos expression in VTA increased during spontaneous motor activity. Thus it is likely that an increase in prefrontal activity triggers neural circuits in VTA to generate central command.

我们进行了人体和动物研究，以探索产生负责运动期间循环前馈控制的中央命令的神经机制。当用近红外光谱仪测量人类额叶不同部位的大脑皮层活动时，前额叶活动在运动开始前增加，而运动区从未表现出这种活动。 进行动物研究以检查脑干中的神经回路，特别是中脑腹侧被盖区（VTA）是否可能在产生中枢命令中发挥作用。 将 GABA 拮抗剂注射到 VTA 中会增加肾交感神经流出和血压，并引起节律性运动神经放电，而注射 GABA 激动剂会停止自发运动活动。自发运动期间，VTA 中的血流量和 c-fos 表达增加。因此，前额叶活动的增加很可能会触发 VTA 中的神经回路产生中枢命令。

项目成果

Central command: control of cardiac sympathetic and vagal efferent nerve activity and the arterial baroreflex during spontaneous motor behaviour in animals

• DOI: 10.1113/expphysiol.2011.057661
• 发表时间: 2012-01-01
• 期刊: EXPERIMENTAL PHYSIOLOGY
• 影响因子: 2.7
• 作者: Matsukawa, Kanji

ニュー運動生理学： セントラルコマンド

新运动生理学：中央命令

• 发表时间: 2014
• 作者: Tanaka K;Tanaka M;Takegaki J;Fujino H.;松川寛二
• 通讯作者: 松川寛二

Central command does not decrease cardiac parasympathetic efferent nerve activity during spontaneous fictive motor activity in decerebrate cats

• DOI: 10.1152/ajpheart.01296.2010
• 发表时间: 2011-04-01
• 期刊: AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PHYSIOLOGY-HEART AND CIRCULATORY PHYSIOLOGY
• 影响因子: 4.8
• 作者: Kadowaki, Akito;Matsukawa, Kanji;Liang, Nan
• 通讯作者: Liang, Nan

The pressor response to activation of the central command pathway is attenuated by stimulation of peripheral sensory afferents in normotensive but not hypertensive rats

在血压正常但高血压的大鼠中，刺激外周感觉传入会减弱对中枢命令通路激活的升压反应

• 发表时间: 2013
• 作者: Nan Liang;Masaki Mizuno;Ryan M Downey;Gary A Iwamoto;Jere H Mitchell;Scott A Smith
• 通讯作者: Scott A Smith

運動時骨格筋血流量の中枢性制御

运动过程中骨骼肌血流的中枢控制

• 发表时间: 2014
• 作者: 石井圭;松川寛二
• 通讯作者: 松川寛二