Charred materials in pedosphere-Dynamics and contribution to carbon accumulation

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The present study was aimed at elucidating the dynamics of char, which have a potential to reduce an increasing rate of the atmospheric C concentration, in soil and the contribution of char C to soil C accumulation. In typical types of Japanese soils, char C accounted for 7-63% of soil C. It was suggested that the char bound to soil minerals has a longer residence time than the free-form char although the formation of bound-form char requires a long time. In an incubation of various char samples mixed with a field soil, the half-life of char in the soil was estimated to be 25-205 years, with a longer value for a char abundant in C-layer planes having larger sizes. Such structural characteristics were obtained by producing char at higher temperatures, which were not affected by source plant materials. The charred materials produced at a lower temperature were also sensitive to solar radiation. Chars applied to upland fields did not leach downwards significantly.