Influence of explosive vocanism and synsedimentary faulting on Plio-Pleistocene palaeoenvironments - implications for Oldowan hominid land use at Olduvai Gorge, Tanzania

奥杜威峡谷是坦桑尼亚北方东部裂谷附近的一个山谷，出露了一系列上新世-更新世河湖相和火山碎屑岩层。这一系列以原始人类遗骸、丰富的人工制品和化石组合而闻名。凝灰岩层为奥尔多文地层框架和考古基金的对比和定年提供了基础。为了了解演替古环境和生态记录及其对人类土地利用的影响，提出了一个详细的面向过程的火山岩相分析。差异构造沉降的影响，如断层相关的厚度和相变，以及广泛的切口表面，下切到不同程度的下伏地层，复杂化以前应用的地层模型，并将通过详细的三维测量检查。切割面提供了正确理解奥杜威地层学的关键要素，也很可能是考古遗迹的条件。将他地层学和层序地层学的原理与灰岩地层学相结合，建立了一个更强大、更广泛的年代地层格架。该项目将古环境、同沉积构造作用和火山作用的数据与多学科OLAPP研究小组古人类学家提供的原始人类土地利用模型相结合。

Olduvai Gorge is a valley adjacent to the Eastern Rift Valley in Northern Tanzania that exposes excellently a series of Plio-Pleistocene fluvio-lacustrine and interleaved volcaniclatic beds. The succession is famous for hominid remains, rich artefacts and fossil assemblages. Tuff beds provide the basis for the Oldowan stratigraphic framework and for the correlation and dating of archaeological funds. To understand the successions palaeoenvironmental and ecological record and its implications for hominid land use, a detailed process-oriented volcaniclastic facies analysis is proposed. Effects of differential tectonic subsidence such as fault-related thickness and facies changes as well as widespread incision surfaces, that downcut to varying degrees into underlying strata, complicate previously applied stratigraphic models and will be examined by detailed 3D surveying. Incision surfaces provide the key elements for the proper understanding of Olduvai stratigraphy and most probably also for condentrations of archaeological remains. Allostratigraphy and the principles of Sequence Stratigraphy together with Tephrostratigraphy are applied to develop a much more powerful and widespread chronostratigraphic framework. The project integrates data on palaeoenvironments, synsedimentary tectonism and volcanism with hominid land use models contributed by palaeoanthroplogists of the multidisciplinary OLAPP research group.