Diversity and evolution of a canonical mitochondrion-lacking protist group, Fornicata

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Fornicates are a micro aerophilic or anaerobic flagellate group of which diversity has been revealed by environmental DNA analyses. All fornicate organisms whose cellular structures were investigated up to recently have no canonical mitochondria with aerobic respiration, but instead have reduced mitochondria, suggesting that fornicates are an appropriate model system to understand cellular evolution of the reducing process of mitochondria. However, since there still are a few fornicate organisms which have already been isolated and cultured in laboratories, we tried to establish novel cultures for fornicate organisms by exploring natural environments. In this project, we established more than 10 novel cultures for micro aerophilic or anaerobic eukaryotic organisms including several fornicates, and we described a part of them.