Environment of Deposition of Manganese Crusts in the Modern and Cenozoic Oceans

水成铁锰结壳沉积环境的多领域、多机构联合研究得出了以下三个主要结论；1)ROV支持的精密船载观测和采样揭示了西北太平洋海山铁锰结壳分布和赋存状态在空间和时间上变化的一般模式；2)结壳各柱的年龄测定和成分和显微结构的年龄剖面确定了基于短芯剖面远程重建古海洋地质条件的可能性；3)结壳中的许多有用金属与样品之间的区域分布和时间模式密切相关，因此可能受主要铁锰化合物的分子-纳米尺度表面性质的控制，通过吸收实验和XAFS测量等常规分析模拟得出。

The multi-field, multi-institutional joint study on depositional environment of hydrogenetic ferromanganese crusts have led the following three major conclusions; 1) the ROV-supported sophisticated shipboard observations and sampling of the ferromanganese crusts figured out the general pattern of variations of distribution and occurrence in space and in time in the NW Pacific seamounts, 2) the age dating and age-profiles in composition and microstructure at each column of the crusts ascertained the possibility of long-range reconstruction of paleoceanographic and geological conditions based on the short-core profiles, 3) many useful metals incorporated in the crusts are well related to regional distribution pattern and temporal pattern between samples, and thus probably controlled by molecular- to nano- scale surface properties of major ferromanganese compounds, simulated by absorption experiment and XAFS measurement and other conventional analyses.