Molecular characterization of ruminal microbes for the augmentation of nitrite reduction and for the supplession of methane emission

研究了日粮中添加硝酸盐对山羊瘤胃发酵特性和微生物区系的影响。添加硝酸盐导致瘤胃挥发性脂肪酸的总浓度降低，乙酸：丙酸比增加，氨和乳酸浓度增加。产甲烷菌，原生动物和真菌的人口大大减少，作为一个结果，在饮食中的硝酸盐。硝酸盐对瘤胃内优势菌种或属的数量影响不大，而反刍月形单胞菌的数量则显著增加。对S.反刍动物表明，这些基因增加了饲喂硝酸盐，这表明硝酸盐和亚硝酸盐还原S。添加硝酸盐可刺激反刍动物。因此，S.反刍动物可能在瘤胃中硝酸盐和亚硝酸盐的减少中起主要作用。

The effects of dietary nitrate addition on ruminal fermentation characteristics and microbial populations in goats were investigated. Addition of nitrate resulted in a decrease in the total concentration of ruminal volatile fatty acids, an increase in the acetate:propionate ratio, and increases in the ammonia and lactate concentrations. Populations of methanogens, protozoa, and fungi were greatly decreased as a result of nitrate inclusion in the diet. There was modest or little impact of nitrate on the populations of prevailing species or genus of bacteria in the rumen, whereas Selenomonas ruminantium greatly increased. Quantification of the genes encoding nitrate reductase and nitrite reductase of S. ruminantium showed that these genes were increased by feeding nitrate, suggesting that the growth of nitrate- and nitrite-reducing S. ruminantium is stimulated by nitrate addition. Thus, S. ruminantium is likely to play a major role in nitrate and nitrite reduction in the rumen.