Molecular probes to visualize cellular processes in vivo

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In this study, a rational development of superluminescent variants of a luciferase derived from Gaussia princeps was demonstrated. A putative catalytic center of Gaussia luciferase was assigned and modified by a site-directed mutagenesis. The potent variants were found to generate up to 10 times stronger bioluminescence, emitting red shifts of up to 33 nm with natural coelenterazine than native GLuc, rendering an efficient optical signature in bioassays. The advantageous properties were demonstrated with metastases of murine B16 melanoma in BALB/c nude mice.