Liquid-vapor interface specificity of nanobubble and nanodroplet

纳米气泡和纳米液滴稳定存在，并已通过各种实验进行了验证。然而，实验结果与经典的Young-Laplace方程描述相矛盾。在这项研究中，液-气界面的纳米气泡和纳米液滴的结构进行了分析和平衡的纳米气泡和纳米液滴的力平衡进行了研究。发现在弯曲的液-汽界面处，径向分力的分子间力指向液相侧，达到力平衡，从而阐明了Young-Laplace方程的局限性。提出了一个扩展的Young-Laplace方程与一个新的项的界面张力的纳米气泡和纳米液滴。

The nanobubbles and nanodroplets exist stable and have been verified through various experiments. However, the experimental results are contradictory to the classical description of Young-Laplace equation. In this study, the liquid-vapor interface structure of the nanobubble and nanodroplet is analyzed and the force balance of the equilibrium nanobubble and nanodroplet are investigated. We find that the intermolecular forces of radial component point to the liquid side to reach the force balance at the curved liquid-vapor interface and the limitation of Young-Laplace equation is clarified. An extended Young-Laplace equation with a novel term of interface tension is proposed for the nanobubble and nanodroplet.