Study of the neural basis of vocal communications by molecular biological approaches for critical period.

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We confirmed that the diazepam administration or social isolation affected the critical period for song learning in Bengalese finches, but the expression patterns of plasticity-related genes in the HVC were not changed. On the other hand, candidate genes related to the critical period for song learning were found in the Bengalese finch brain by using cDNA microarray. We found the language-related genes displayed overlapping expression patterns in the ocular, auditory, and motor systems in the common marmoset brain.