The neural basis and temporal dynamics of auditory-vocal interaction

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Fluent speech is characterized by smooth coordination of organs involved in the auditory-vocal system in precise timing. This study examined temporal characteristics and the neural basis of auditory-vocal interaction using pseudo-auditory-feedback and fMRI methods in healthy adults and people who stutter (PWS). Results showed principal components of different latencies in a compensative fundamental frequency (F_0) response. This implies multiple neural mechanisms in different timing underlying the voice F_0 control based on the auditory-vocal error detection. The result of fMRI study showed the activation of right primary motor area, cerebellum, right inferior frontal gyrus, putamen, and insula as the neural basis of the voice F_0, control.