Response of intestinal macrophage to intestinal bacteria

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The study aimed to clarify the mechanism of foreign substances recognition and elimination by intestinal macrophages and to identify selective intestinal macrophage responses, such as phagocytosis, bactericidal activity, and cytokine production, induced by nonpathogenic E. coli, V. parahaemolyticus, S. aureus, and L. casei. The phagocytosis of L. casei by intestinal macrophages was significantly lower than that of E. coli, V. parahaemolyticus, S. aureus. The bactericidal activities of intestinal macrophages differed for different bacterial species. TNF-alpha and IL-12 production induced by E. coli, V. parahaemolyticus, and S. aureus stimulation was significantly higher than that induced by LPS but not L. casei. IL-10 production was same for LPS and all bacteria. The production of TNF-alpha and IL-12 in intestinal macrophages may be related to phagocytosis. These results confirmed that intestinal macrophages show different responses to individual bacteria specie.