Comprehension of English VP-ellipsis sentences by Japanese learners of English

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In this two-year study, I have conducted a series of off-line and on-line experiments to examine comprehension processes of VP-ellipsis sentences in L2 English by beginning-level Japanese learners. The results suggested that, unlike native speakers of English, Japanese learners were unable to perform a real-time reactivation process at the site of ellipsis. Instead, they seemed to have performed the reactivation processes slightly later in the sentences. The delayed effect might suggest that the Japanese learners can perform qualitatively similar reactivation processes in this kind of elliptical structures.