Modeling of plasma and magnetic field transport through the Martian magnetosphere on the basis of a three-dimensional hybrid simulation / Extension to a multi-species-ionosphere and code parallelization

等离子体和磁场通过火星磁层的传输将通过三维混合代码模拟进行研究。它的目的是配合火卫二和火星全球勘测者任务的观测，并对火星附近的全球三维等离子体和磁场结构进行建模。特别是，将研究等离子体边界，并将在混合描述的微观动力学基础上检查它们的物理性质。对质量、动量和能量通过磁堆积边界的输运/非输运的理解起着关键作用。等离子体传输与大气层的疏散和火星的脱水直接相关。逃逸率和损失率将根据火星目前的情况以及预期的史前条件进行模拟，在这些条件下，火星可能有更稠密的大气和内部行星磁场。该项目的目标是澄清有关火星附近的等离子体和磁场结构的悬而未决的问题，并推导出火星上水平衡的定量模型。

The transport of plasma and magnetic field through the magnetosphere of Mars will be investigated by a three-dimensional hybrid code simulation. It is intended to tie in with the observations of the Phobos-2 and Mars Global Surveyor missions and to model the global three-dimensional plasma and magnetic field structures near Mars. Particularly, the plasma boundaries will be studied and their physical nature will be examined on a microscopic-kinetic basis of the hybrid description. The understanding of the transport/non-transport of mass, momentum, and energy through the magnetic pileup boundary plays the key role. The plasma transport is immediately associated with the evacuation of the atmosphere and the dehydration of Mars. Escape and loss rates will be simulated for the present situation of Mars and also for expected prehistoric conditions where Mars could have had a much denser atmosphere and an internal planetary magnetic field. The goal of the project is to clarify open questions about the plasma and magnetic field structures near Mars, and to derive a quantitative model for the water balance on Mars.