Analysis of aminoglycoside-resistant genes in highly multidrug-resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa

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We performed a molecular epidemiolygical study of 300 clinical isolates of Pseudomonas aeruginosa in 2011 in Japan. Of them, we found a novel aminoglycoside 6'-N-acetyltransferase gene, aac(6')-Iaj.The encoded protein, AAC(6')-Iaj, was found to consist of 184 amino acids, with 70% identity to AAC(6')-Ia. Escherichia coli transformed with a plasmid containing the aac(6')-Iaj gene acquired resistance to all aminoglycosides tested except gentamicin. Of note, aac(6')-Iaj contributed to the resistance to arbekacin.In 2012, we found two novel IMP-type metallo-beta-lactamase variants, IMP-43 and IMP-44, which were identified in multidrug-resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa isolates obtained in medical settings in Japan. These two variants had more efficient catalytic activities against all carbapenems tested, including dripenem, imipenem, meropenem and panipenem.