A Study of Measures for Zhiyu in Early Qing Dynasty

清初治玉措施研究

• 批准号: 24730006
• 负责人: AKAGI Mieko
• 金额: $ 1.16万
• 依托单位: Teikyo University
• 依托单位国家: 日本
• 项目类别: Grant-in-Aid for Young Scientists (B)
• 财政年份: 2012
• 资助国家: 日本
• 起止时间: 2012-04-01 至 2014-03-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-24730006/
• 关键词: 中国法制史; 清朝初期; 裁判制度; 滞獄

In imperial China, the trial procedures will not proceed when lower office-courts do not report that case; because the bureaucratic-governmental organization held the justice system, and because senior level offices held the authority of decision according to the seriousness of cases. Criminals increase in prisons through luck of smooth progress of the procedure. This is called Zhiyu. And, it had been regarded as the problem to be solved from ancient times in China.In this study, I analyzed the historical documents related with the trial procedures and the legislation in early Qing dynasty, and clarified their measures for Zhiyu, for understanding characteristics of their legal system. According to it, Qing dynasty tried to solve Zhiyu problem by enforcing trial reports at lower office-courts, rather than trying to judge many cases at one time in a judiciary inspection, just as the former dynasties did. Instead, Qing dynasty developed systems to carry out trial reports surely.

在中华帝国，如果下级法院不报告案件，审判程序就不会进行;因为官僚政府组织掌握着司法系统，因为高级官员根据案件的严重性拥有决定权。由于程序进展顺利，监狱中的罪犯增加了。这叫知鱼。本文通过对清代前期审判程序和立法相关历史文献的分析，梳理清代前期司法实践中的治狱措施，以了解清代前期法律的制度特点。根据这一观点，清朝试图通过在下级法院强制执行审判报告来解决知遇问题，而不是像前朝那样试图在司法检查中一次审判多起案件。相反，清朝制定了一套制度，确保审判报告的执行。

项目成果

清代初期における滞獄解消問題について

关于解决清初监禁问题

• 发表时间: 2013
• 作者: 赤城美恵子

清朝初期における滞獄解消問題について

关于清初取消监狱羁押问题

• 作者: 赤城美恵子;赤城美恵子
• 通讯作者: 赤城美恵子