Population genetic impacts of a changing ambient conditions on marcro-in-vertebrates with different life history strategies in running waters

环境条件变化对流水中具有不同生活史策略的大型脊椎动物的种群遗传影响

• 批准号: 5430073
• 负责人: Professor Dr. Alfred Seitz (†)
• 金额: --
• 依托单位: Institut für Zoologie (aufgelöst)
• 依托单位国家: 德国
• 项目类别: Priority Programmes
• 财政年份: 2004
• 资助国家: 德国
• 起止时间: 2003-12-31 至 2007-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://gepris.dfg.de/gepris/projekt/5430073?language=en
• 关键词: Population; genetic; impacts; changing; ambient

It is expected that in the course of global warming the present flow regimes of rivers will change and that extreme situations such as floods and low water will increase in frequency and intensity. We study the population genetic effect of these changes by comparing rivers of different flow regimes - Rhine and Danube (snowmelt) versus Moselle and Main (groundwater) - and three species with different life histories (high/low dispersion and high/low drought resistance). We will use markers on the level of enzymes and DNA. A shift of genotypes due to higher water temperatures and a decrease of genetic variability is expected. The former reflects the microevolutionary response and enables the survival under changing environmental conditions. The latter is caused by repeated bottle necks triggered by extreme fluctuations of local and regional population sizes accompanying floods and droughts. It limits this response and may reduce the survival of populations within their present distribution limits. This study will allow the assessment of these two processes. The sources of immigration and recolonisation ways after local extinctions will be studied by molecular markers. The role of reservoirs and barrages as refuges resp. impediment of dispersal will be analysed. Genotypes that dominate under certain temperature or flow regime will be provided for physiological studies and proteomic analyses to the co-operating working groups. Results on the amount and distance of gene flow (dispersal) as well as population densities observed in field will be input to the modelling project.

预计在全球变暖过程中，河流现有的水流状况将会发生变化，洪水和低水位等极端情况的发生频率和强度将会增加。我们通过比较不同流态的河流（莱茵河和多瑙河（融雪）与摩泽尔河和美因河（地下水））以及具有不同生活史（高/低分散性和高/低抗旱性）的三个物种来研究这些变化对种群遗传的影响。我们将在酶和 DNA 水平上使用标记。预计由于水温升高和遗传变异性降低，基因型会发生变化。前者反映了微观进化反应，能够在不断变化的环境条件下生存。后者是由于洪水和干旱导致当地和区域人口规模极度波动而反复引发的瓶颈造成的。它限制了这种反应，并可能减少目前分布范围内种群的生存率。这项研究将允许评估这两个过程。局部灭绝后的移民来源和重新殖民方式将通过分子标记进行研究。水库和拦河坝作为避难所的作用。将分析扩散的障碍。在特定温度或流动状态下占主导地位的基因型将提供给合作工作组用于生理学研究和蛋白质组学分析。现场观察到的基因流（扩散）的数量和距离以及种群密度的结果将输入到建模项目中。