Control of fixational eye movements and posture

在此更新建议中，我们申请继续研究固视眼动（FEM）作为研究组的一部分。该项目第一个供资期的成果涉及三个专题。首先，我们开发了新的方法来分析固定任务和场景观看过程中的FEM和微扫视。例如，基于小波的表征技术表明，个体间的差异可以减少到微眼跳形状的几个主成分。其次，我们证明了FEM的扫视反应时间的相关性。自然场景中的微眼跳有助于产生眼跳易化效应。此外，我们的研究结果表明，FEM在噪声增强感知中起着重要作用。最后，我们开发了一个集成模型的有限元和微眼跳的基础上的自我回避步行的潜力。在项目的第二阶段，模型驱动的调查将在我们的研究计划中发挥关键作用。首先，我们计划进行一系列实验，这些实验使用视注视而定的显示变化来影响微扫视统计数据（例如，速率、幅度、方向）。对于所有计划的实验，可以获得特定的模型预测。我们预计，显示器的变化对FEM的影响可能会重现在模型中的激活场的复位;注意力转移可能会描述的电位的瞬态变化。第二，我们将比较不同任务（阅读，场景观看，视觉搜索）的基础上开发的工具，微扫视的特性。第三，我们计划对FEM和姿势的耦合进行后续研究，并将研究扩展到其他生理参数（瞳孔，心率）。

In this renewal proposal, we apply for a continuation of the research on fixational eyemovements (FEM) as part of the Research Group. Results from the first funding period of the project are related to three topics. First, we developed new methods for the analysis of FEM and microsaccades during fixation tasks and scene viewing. For example, a wavelet-based characterization technique demonstrated that interindividual differences can be reduced to few principal components of the microsaccades' shapes. Second, we demonstrated the relevance of FEM to saccadic reaction times. Microsaccades contribute to the saccadic facilitation effect in natural scenes. Furthermore, our results suggest that FEM serve an important role in noise-enhanced perception. Finally, we developed an integrated model of FEM and microsaccades based on a self-avoiding walk in a potential. In the second phase of the project, model-driven investigations will play a key role for our research program. First,we plan to run a series of experiments that use gaze-contingent display changes to influence microsaccade statistics (e.g., rate, amplitude, orientation). For all of the planned experiments, specific model predictions can be obtained. We expect that the effects of display changes on FEM might be reproduced in the model by a reset of the activation field; an attentional shift might be described by transient changes of the potential. Second, we will compare properties of microsaccades across tasks (reading, scene viewing, visual search) based on the developed tools for the characterization of microsaccades. Third, we plan to run follow-up studies on the coupling of FEM and posture and will extend the Investigations to other physiological parameters (pupil, heart rate).