ナノ粒子Ｐｄの形成場としての自己組織化イオン液体修飾酸化グラフェン複合体の合成

铂族金属（PGM）储量每年都在严重枯竭，预计到2020年供需比将大幅扩大。这些因素导致PGM回收的压力越来越大。高放液体废物（乏核燃料）、废汽车催化剂渗滤液是城市开采PGMs的潜在二次来源。制备高耐酸高效的功能材料是贵金属固相回收中的一项具有挑战性的任务。为了克服这一问题，研究人员探索了共价功能化氧化石墨烯（GO）材料。氧化石墨烯与1-（3-氨基丙基）咪唑（ImGO）、2-甲基噻吩（ThpGO）、2-氨基乙硫醇（CysGO）在不同的反应位点通过酰胺或胺形成共价功能化。ImGO和ThpGO均能有效地从含有多种金属离子的高废液中选择性提取Pd。在研究的五个循环中，这两种材料都可以在不降低效率的情况下回收。在1M酸浓度下，采用CysGO从含各种铂族金属（Pd、Pt和Rh）、稀有金属（Zr、Y、La和Ce）、碱土金属（Ba）和贱金属（Cu、Fe、Zn和Ni）的模拟废催化剂渗滤液中回收贵金属。以Pd （87.7 mol%）为主，少量共吸附Pt的三种介质中，cygo均能选择性地萃取贵金属。在500℃的N2气氛下，通过简单热解将再生材料转化为PGM纳米颗粒负载的石墨烯材料。

The platinum group metal (PGM) reserves are depleting severely every year, and the demand to supply ratio is forecast to widen significantly by 2020. These factors induce the growing pressure on PGM recycling. High-level liquid waste (a spent nuclear fuel), spent automotive catalyst leachates are potential secondary sources for the urban mining of PGMs. The preparation of high acid tolerant and efficient functional materials is a challenging task in the solid phase recovery of noble metals. To overcome this issue, covalently functionalized graphene oxide (GO) materials were explored. The GO was covalently functionalized with 1-(3-aminopropyl)imidazole (ImGO), 2-methylthiophene (ThpGO), 2-aminoethanethiol (CysGO) through amide or amine formation at different reactive sites. Both ImGO and ThpGO were found efficient for the selective extraction of Pd from HLLW containing several metal ions. Both the materials could be recycled without a drop in efficiency for the studied five cycles.CysGO was employed for the recovery of precious metals from the simulated spent catalyst leachates containing various PGMs (Pd, Pt and Rh), rare metals (Zr, Y, La and Ce), alkaline earth metals (Ba), and base metals (Cu, Fe, Zn, and Ni) at 1M acid concentration. CysGO could selectively extract precious metals from all three medium with Pd (87.7 mol%) as major component and Pt co-adsorbed in small amount. The regenerated materials were converted into PGM nanoparticle supported graphene materials, a well-known heterogeneous catalyst through simple pyrolysis under N2 atmosphere at 500oC.