Dynamics of Active Layer on Qinghai-Xizang Plateau

应通过以下方式研究青藏高原（中国）永久冻土区活动层的动态：（一）利用探地雷达进行1公里以下尺度的勘探;（二）对三个特征点进行米级高分辨率监测。这是与中国科学院兰州寒区旱区环境与工程研究所（CATEERI）合作项目的德国部分。在初始阶段，探地雷达用于确定最终的监测点。在以后的阶段，季节性冰表，如果存在，地面冰表，定期绘制在三个领域的运动。为了获得可靠的定量结果，本项目将开发现有Maxwell求解器的反演算法。高分辨率监测点将包括：（一）一个有稳定永久冻土作为参考的地点;（二）一个瞬态自然地点，以详细研究衰变;（三）一个靠近公路或铁路路堤的地点，以评估人造建筑物的影响。每个地点都将安装一系列传感器，用于监测地下温度和液态水、气象参数和辐射成分。根据这些数据，将建立活动层的热力学和水力学的三维场定量模型。

The dynamics of the active layer in the permafrost region of the Qinghai-Xizang-Plateau (China) shall be studied by (i) exploration using ground-penetrating radar (GPR) at scales up to 1 km and (ii) by high-resolution monitoring of three characteristic sites at scales of meters. This is the German part of a cooperative project with the Cold & Arid Regions Environment and Engineering Research Instiute (CATEERI) of the Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS) in Lanzhou. In the initial phase, GPR is used for the identification of the eventual monitoring sites. In later phases, the seasonal ice table and, if existent, the ground ice table, are mapped periodically during three field campaigns. For reliable quantitative results, an inversion algorithm for an existing Maxwell-solver will be developed in this project. The high-resolution monitoring sites will comprise (i) a site with stable permafrost as a reference (ii) a transient natural site to study decay in detail, and (iii) a site near the embankment of the road or of the railway to assess the impact of manmade constructions. Each site will be instrumented with an array of sensors for subsurface temperature and liquid water, meterological parameters and radiation components. Based on the data, simplifield quantitative models of the thermal and hydraulic dynamics of the active layer will be developted.