Theoretical description of phase behavior in micro-evaporators

流体与添加剂的混合物可以显示富相行为，这在许多系统中是人们想要表征的。实例包括胶体的悬浮液、流体中的表面活性剂和溶质如溶剂中的盐。他们在不同的行业以及实验科学中遇到。取决于添加剂的尺寸和复杂性，可以有许多所得相。如果系统被驱离平衡，状态或相的数量甚至会随着许多亚稳态而增加，这可能取决于驱动和样品的历史。这些相的成核和生长提供了对相变动力学的洞察。我们要调查的相行为的各种混合物在最近提出的微蒸发器装置，其中的流动是由渗透的溶剂通过薄的边界膜引起的。该新型装置类似于现有的过滤装置，但驱动类型不同。我们期待进一步深入了解相变的动力学，因为它应该强烈依赖于驾驶类型。相行为的理论建模计划与开发该设备的实验人员直接互动，目前正在将其应用于许多不同的基础和工业研究系统。理论描述将借用从非平衡热力学，从流体动力学的描述，从相变理论以及从成核理论。

Mixtures of a fluid with additives can display rich phase behavior, which one would like to characterize in many systems. Examples include suspensions of colloids, surfactants in fluids, and solutes such as salts in solvents. They are encountered in diverse industries as well as in experimental science. Depending on the size and the complexity of the additives, there can be numerous resulting phases. If the system is driven out of equilibrium, the number of states or phases even increases with many metastable states, possibly depending on the driving and on the history of the sample. The nucleation and the growth of such phases gives insight into the kinetics of the phase changes. We want to investigate the phase behavior of various mixtures in recently proposed micro-evaporator devices, where a flow is induced by permeation of the solvent through thin bounding membranes. The novel device is similar to existing filtration devices, but the type of driving is different. We expect further insight into the kinetics of the phase changes, as it should depend strongly on the type of driving. The theoretical modeling of the phase behavior is planned to be done in direct interaction with the experimentalists who developed the device and are currently applying it to many different systems for both fundamental and industrial studies. The theoretical description will borrow from non-equilibrium thermodynamics, from hydrodynamic descriptions, from the theory of phase transitions as well as from nucleation theories.