Realistische Berechnung von Störstellen und Grenzflächen in Kuprat-Supraleitern

尽管自1986年发现高温超导以来，铜超导的实验和理论研究一直是最热门的物理课题之一，但导致这些材料超导电性的非传统配对机制的起源仍然存在争议。最近新的实验技术的发展和现有技术的改进使人们能够深入了解这些材料的局部物理性质，这些性质在几年前甚至是无法想象的。这一研究项目的目的是发展缺陷和晶界附近局域物理性质的详细微观理论，使人们能够更好地理解这些材料的基本超导性质。将理论结果与最近的实验研究相比较，特别是希望找到关于超导的配对相互作用的性质和起源的新线索，此外，从理论上更好地理解缺陷和晶界对超导状态的影响，将有助于开发具有特殊性能的新材料，以适应不同的应用。

Although the experimental as well as the theoretical investigation of cupratesuperconductores is one of the hottest physical topics since the discovery of hightemperature superconductivity in 1986, the origin of the unconventional pairingmechanism responsible for superconductivity in these materials is still controversial.The recent development of new experimental techniques and the refinementof existing ones allow insight into local physical properties of these materials thatcould not even be thought of some years ago. The aim of this research project isthe development of a detailled microscopic theory of the local physical propertiesin the vicinity of defects and grain boundaries allowing one to make a steptowards a better understanding of the fundamental superconducting propertiesin these materials. Comparing the theoretical results with recent experimentalstudies, I hope especially to find new hints concerning the nature and the originof the pairing interaction responsible for superconductivity, in addition, a bettertheoretical understanding of the influence of defects and grain boundaries onthe superconducting state could help in developing new materials with specialproperties optimized for different applications.