Functional properties of distractor-induced blindness

干扰物引起失明的功能特性

• 批准号: 60352376
• 负责人: Professor Dr. Michael Niedeggen
• 金额: --
• 依托单位: Arbeitsbereich Allgemeine Psychologie und Neuropsychologie
• 依托单位国家: 德国
• 项目类别: Research Grants
• 财政年份: 2008
• 资助国家: 德国
• 起止时间: 2007-12-31 至 2013-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://gepris.dfg.de/gepris/projekt/60352376?language=en
• 关键词: Functional; properties; distractor; induced; blindness

Our previous experiments have demonstrated that the conscious representation of simple visual features (motion coherence, orientation flip) which are relevant to the subject critically depends on the previous presentation of distractors. Distractors share the characteristics of the relevant target event, and activate gradually an inhibition mechanism. Using event-related brain potentials (ERPs), a direct neural correlate of this cumulative inhibition effect was identified. We assume that the paradigm of distractor-induced blindness allows us to examine a central gating process which permits - or prevents – visual stimuli to enter conscious awareness. In our current research project we will focus on the following questions: (1) Can we separate different mechanisms contributing to the generation of the inhibition effect, and its release? For this reason, the temporal dynamics of the distractor effect will be examined more closely. (2) Does the sensitivity to distractors account for interindividual differences? For this reason, the cumulative distractor effect will be examined in ‘responders’ and ‘non-responders’. (3) Does the distractor effect interact with the pre-target EEG activity? Target detection also depends on the state of the cortical system, as measured by EEG rhythm and / or EEG coherence. We would like to examine, whether distractor presentation also affects these brain rhythms. (4) Can we identify the distractor effect in other paradigms interfering with the processing of visual stimuli? We will try to identify the cumulative distracter effect in attentional blink and in negative priming. (5) Can we validate a computational model on the distractor-induced blindness effect? Assuming that the basal ganglia contribute to the distractor effect, we will focus on the observer’s motor response system.

我们之前的实验表明，与主题相关的简单视觉特征（运动连贯性、方向翻转）的有意识表征很大程度上取决于先前干扰因素的呈现。干扰因素具有相关目标事件的特征，并逐渐激活抑制机制。使用事件相关脑电位（ERP），确定了这种累积抑制效应的直接神经关联。我们假设分心引起失明的范例使我们能够检查允许或阻止视觉刺激进入意识的中央门控过程。在我们当前的研究项目中，我们将重点关注以下问题：（1）我们能否将抑制效应产生及其释放的不同机制分开？因此，将更仔细地研究干扰效应的时间动态。 (2) 对干扰因素的敏感性是否可以解释个体间的差异？因此，将在“响应者”和“非响应者”中检查累积干扰效应。 (3) 干扰效应是否与目标前脑电图活动相互作用？目标检测还取决于皮质系统的状态，通过脑电图节律和/或脑电图一致性来测量。我们想检查干扰物的呈现是否也会影响这些大脑节律。 （4）我们能否识别其他范式中干扰视觉刺激处理的干扰效应？我们将尝试识别注意力瞬脱和负启动中的累积分心效应。 （5）我们可以验证干扰物引起失明效应的计算模型吗？假设基底神经节有助于干扰效应，我们将重点关注观察者的运动反应系统。