Funktionelle Ökologie: Die Auswirkung unterschiedlicher Landnutzungsintensität auf die Diversität chemischer Pflanzenduftstoffe, strukturelle Komplexität der Vegetation und Wirt-Parasitoid Interaktionen

功能生态学：不同土地利用强度对植物化学气味多样性、植被结构复杂性和寄主与寄生生物相互作用的影响

• 批准号: 60843947
• 负责人: Dr. Torsten Meiners
• 金额: --
• 依托单位: Institut für ökologische Chemie, Pflanzenanalytik und Vorratsschutz
• 依托单位国家: 德国
• 项目类别: Infrastructure Priority Programmes
• 财政年份: 2008
• 资助国家: 德国
• 起止时间: 2007-12-31 至 2010-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://gepris.dfg.de/gepris/projekt/60843947?language=en
• 关键词: Funktionelle; kologie; Die; Auswirkung; unterschiedlicher

Land use (LU) may affect plant and animal species diversity not only by reducing species numbers, but also in a functional way. We expect changes in the vegetation, apart from reducing species numbers of higher trophic levels, to also influence the function of biotic interactions. Results from the previous project phase suggest that LU, plant species diversity and host plant parameters are the most important variables to affect the occurrence of the Plantago lanceolata-inflorescence feeders and their parasitoids studied. Whereas LU intensity per se and experimental fertilization mostly showed a negative influence on the host-parasitoid system, plant species diversity and host plant abundance increased the occurrence probability of all interacting organisms. Volatile chemical diversity was plot specific, correlated with plant species diversity in the Exploratory Alb, and affected insect movement patterns. We aim to continue to investigate the influence of diversity of habitat odours and to examine experimentally the proximate and ultimate reasons for the previously observed distribution patterns of the flowerhead insects in relation to LU. We hypothesize that LU influences species occurrence and the function of biotic interactions: I) LU intensity alters, along with plant species diversity, the chemical diversity of the vegetation. II) Increasing odour diversity functionally influences herbivore-parasitoid interactions by reducing the host finding success of the parasitoids. III) LU type (grazing, mowing) influences insect occurrence by a) local adaptation of host plant populations or b) disrupting the phenologies of the species investigated. IV) LU intensity and experimental fertilization have a negative impact on flowerhead insects due to a negative effect a) on host plant abundance or b) on plant species richness and possibly plant odour diversity.

土地利用（LU）不仅可以通过减少物种数量，而且以功能性的方式影响动植物物种的多样性。我们期望植被的变化，除了减少较高营养水平的物种数量，还会影响生物相互作用的功能。上一个项目阶段的结果表明，LU，植物物种多样性和宿主植物参数是影响Plantago Landola-lanceolata-Inflorescence喂食器及其寄生虫的最重要变量。 lu强度本身和实验施肥大多对宿主 - 寄生虫系统产生负面影响，而植物物种的多样性和宿主植物丰度提高了所有相互作用的生物的发生概率。挥发性化学多样性是特定于绘图的，与探索性ALB中的植物物种多样性相关，并影响了昆虫运动模式。我们的目的是继续研究栖息地气味多样性的影响，并在实验中检查与Lu相关的花头昆虫先前观察到的分布模式的近端和最终原因。我们假设LU会影响物种的发生和生物相互作用的功能：i）lu强度随着植物物种的多样性的变化，植被的化学多样性。 ii）增加气味多样性在功能上通过减少寄生虫的宿主发现成功来影响草食动物寄生虫的相互作用。 iii）lu型（放牧，割草）通过a）局部适应宿主植物种群或b）破坏所研究物种的物候。 iv）lu强度和实验施肥对花头昆虫产生负面影响，因为负面影响a）对宿主植物的丰度或b）对植物物种丰富度和可能植物气味多样性的影响。