Induction of plant volatiles by insect egg deposition on elm (Ulmus campestris): using molecular methods and genetic transformation to understand an ecological phenomenon

通过昆虫卵沉积在榆树上诱导植物挥发物：利用分子方法和遗传转化来了解生态现象

• 批准号: 5431310
• 负责人: Dr. Torsten Meiners
• 金额: --
• 依托单位: Institut für ökologische Chemie, Pflanzenanalytik und Vorratsschutz
• 依托单位国家: 德国
• 项目类别: Research Grants
• 财政年份: 2004
• 资助国家: 德国
• 起止时间: 2003-12-31 至 2010-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://gepris.dfg.de/gepris/projekt/5431310?language=en
• 关键词: Induction; plant; volatiles; insect; egg

It has been known for some years that many plants respond to herbivore feeding by releasing volatile compounds which attract enemies of the herbivores. However, there are many unanswered questions regarding the induction, regulation, specificity, and natural function of these indirect defences. We have shown recently that the European field elm (Ulmus campestris) releases volatiles in response to insect herbivores before actual herbivory has even begun, namely after egg deposition by elm leaf beetles (Xanthogaleruca luteola). Leaves in the vicinity of the deposited eggs release specific blends of mostly terpenoid volatiles, which are highly attractive to the egg parasitoid Oomyzus gallerucae. By combining methods from chemical ecology, analytical chemistry, molecular biology and plant transformation, we intend to investigate (a) the mode of volatile induction at the level of gene expression, (b) how U. campestris regulated the production of the induced volatiles on specific temporal and spatial scales, and (c) the function of the genes associated with the volatiles involved in parasitoid attraction, through the use of genetically-transformed lines of U. campestris which will be tested with the egg parasitoids in olfactometer bioassays.

几年来，许多植物通过释放吸引食草动物敌人的挥发性化合物来对草食动物的喂养做出反应。但是，关于这些间接防御的归纳，调节，特异性和自然功能，存在许多未解决的问题。我们最近表明，欧洲田野榆树（Ulmus Campestris）在实际的食草动物开始之前还释放出挥发物，以响应昆虫食草动物，即在卵子沉积的鸡蛋沉积后（Xanththogalereruca luteola）。沉积鸡蛋附近的叶子释放出主要是萜类挥发物的特定混合物，这些混合物对卵寄生的蛋白卵形蛋白非常有吸引力。通过结合化学生态学，分析化学，分子生物学和植物转化的方法，我们打算（a）（a）基因表达水平上的挥发性诱导方式，（b）U. campestris如何调节诱导的挥发物在特定的时间和空间尺度上的特定范围以及（c）涉及基因的功能，以及（c）与pare的功能相关的paraSITICTIAS的功能，以及（c） U. Campestris将在嗅觉计生​​物测定中用卵寄生虫进行测试。