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Evolutionary origins of social justice: inequity and pro-social tendencies in domestic dogs

社会正义的进化起源：家养狗的不平等和亲社会倾向

基本信息

批准号：
26380981
负责人：
Romero Teresa
金额：
$ 3万
依托单位：
The University of Tokyo
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)
财政年份：
2014
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
2014-04-01 至 2017-03-31
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-26380981/
关键词：
Inequity aversion pro-social behavior fairness oxytocin empathy domestic dog Japanese macaques Pro-social behavior Fairness Oxytocin Empathy Domestic dog Cooperation Inequity wolf carnivores

项目摘要

The aim of this project was to investigate the evolutionary origins of fairness by examining inequity aversion reactions and prosocial tendencies in dogs and other species.During the third fiscal year I analyzed the data from the second set of experiments examining the connection between inequity aversion and prosocial behaviors. The results show previously undescribed relationships: dogs that tend to be more sensitive to inequitable outcomes are overall less prosocial than dogs that tend to be more tolerant to unfair situations. However, there are important individual differences, which may be related with dogs’ personality. I am currently writing the paper for its publication in an international peer-review journal.I also run the third set of tests examining the behavioral and endocrinological development of prosocial behaviors in puppies. Their behavioral responses, which were videotaped, are currently being coded and their cortisol levels assessed from the saliva samples took during the tests. Results from this study will shed light on the extent to which the suggested cognitive constrains are actually in play for the expression of prosocial and inequity aversion responses.Finally, the collaboration with Dr. Sarah Brosnan (Georgia State University, USA) was consolidated and will continue in the future involving Japanese, American & British institutions. So far, we have designed an experiment, and run a pilot study, to test for the first time inequity aversion in wild animals. Data collection will take place during summer 2017.

这个项目的目的是通过研究狗和其他物种中的不公平厌恶反应和亲社会倾向来探索公平的进化起源。在第三个财政年度，我分析了第二组实验的数据，这些实验考察了不公平厌恶和亲社会行为之间的联系。结果显示了之前没有描述过的关系：对不公平结果更敏感的狗总体上比更能容忍不公平情况的狗更不亲社会。然而，也有重要的个体差异，这可能与狗的个性有关。我目前正在为发表在一份国际同行评议杂志上的论文撰写论文。我还进行了第三组测试，考察小狗亲社会行为的行为和内分泌发展。他们的行为反应被录像下来，目前正在进行编码，并根据测试期间采集的唾液样本评估他们的皮质醇水平。这项研究的结果将阐明所提出的认知限制在多大程度上实际上对亲社会和不公平厌恶反应的表达起到了作用。最后，与美国佐治亚州立大学的萨拉·布鲁斯南博士的合作得到了巩固，并将在未来继续涉及日本、美国和英国的机构。到目前为止，我们已经设计了一个实验，并进行了一项先导性研究，首次在野生动物身上测试不公平厌恶。数据收集将在2017年夏季进行。