4-dimensional remote sensing based on the Convective and Orographically-induced Precipitation Study (COPS) for studying convective initiation in complex terrain

基于对流和地形诱发降水研究 (COPS) 的 4 维遥感，用于研究复杂地形中的对流起始

• 批准号: 72209427
• 负责人: Dr. Andreas Behrendt, Ph.D.
• 金额: --
• 依托单位: Institut für Physik und Meteorologie (120)
• 依托单位国家: 德国
• 项目类别: Priority Programmes
• 财政年份: 2008
• 资助国家: 德国
• 起止时间: 2007-12-31 至 2010-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://gepris.dfg.de/gepris/projekt/72209427?language=en
• 关键词: dimensional; remote; sensing; based; Convective

Within the Convective and Orographically-induced Precipitation Study (COPS), a Research and Development Project of the World Weather Research Programme, a previously unachieved set of high-quality high-resolution 4D data of the entire evolution of convective precipitation events has been collected on 38 intensive observation days. In total 13 platforms with 17 different types of lidar systems alone have been operated – groundbased and airborne, scanning and vertical pointing. In this project, we propose to exploit this data set with the aim to analyse atmospheric processes which lead to convection initiation (CI) at a certain location and time. Errors in location and time of CI are within the most critical issues in the effort to forecast precipitation quantitatively. Key instruments for this study are especially those which provided high-resolution data of the thermodynamic state of the atmosphere. Thus, - besides considering also standard data of radiosondes, weather stations and in-situ aircraft instruments - this project shall put special emphasis on data exploitation of lidars, cloud radars, and microwave radiometers on different platforms. Furthermore, clear-air echoes of radars, especially of the two Doppler-on-Wheels employed during COPS, shall be used to identify dynamical features related to CI like convergence lines. The ground-based remote sensing instruments were collocated at five supersites. This allows deriving synergetic data products from the combination of instruments like relative humidity, virtual potential temperature and its gradient, buoyancy, CAPE and CIN, which is considered highly beneficial to advance CI process studies. By combining these data with airborne measurements of water vapor and wind profiles, the 4-dimensional evolution of the thermodynamic state of the atmosphere can be explored. The results of these process studies shall then be compared with corresponding theories and be used to validate the new generation of mesoscale numerical weather-prediction (NWP) models. Of special interest is here the validation of parameterizations of turbulence and convection.

在世界天气研究计划的一个研究和发展项目对流和地形诱导降水研究（COPS）中，在38个密集观测日收集了一组以前未实现的对流降水事件整个演变的高质量高分辨率4D数据。总共有13个平台拥有17种不同类型的激光雷达系统-地面和机载，扫描和垂直指向。在这个项目中，我们建议利用这个数据集，目的是分析大气过程，导致对流开始（CI）在一定的位置和时间。CI的定位和时间误差是降水定量预报中最关键的问题。这项研究的关键仪器尤其是那些提供大气热力学状态高分辨率数据的仪器。因此，除了考虑无线电探空仪、气象站和现场飞机仪器的标准数据外，该项目还将特别重视不同平台上的激光雷达、云雷达和微波辐射计的数据开发。此外，雷达的晴空回波，特别是COPS期间使用的两个多普勒车载雷达的晴空回波，应用于识别与CI（如会聚线）相关的动态特征。地面遥感仪器在五个超级站点配置。这允许从相对湿度、虚拟位温及其梯度、浮力、CAPE和CIN等仪器的组合中获得协同数据产品，这被认为对推进CI过程研究非常有益。通过将这些数据与空中测量的水汽和风廓线相结合，可以探索大气热力学状态的四维演变。这些过程研究的结果将与相应的理论进行比较，并用于验证新一代的中尺度数值天气预报（NWP）模式。特别感兴趣的是在这里的验证参数化的湍流和对流。