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A preliminary study on individual differences in learning Japanese/English as a second language

日语/英语作为第二语言学习个体差异的初步研究

基本信息

批准号：
08680324
负责人：
HAYASHI Satoko
金额：
$ 1.09万
依托单位：
Tsuda College
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)
财政年份：
1996
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
1996 至 1997
项目状态：
已结题

项目摘要

The present research is an investigation into the factors that cause individual differences in language learning/teaching, specifically Japanese and English. Presently it is commonly recognized that in teaching Japanese or English, it is urgently imperative to cope with the diversity of individual factors that the learners bring in. Each language learner greatly differs in terms of age, aptitude, motivation, attitude toward the target language and culture, learning strategies, cognitive styles, personality, affective domains, and social contexts in which they learn a second language. Such factors have been found to affect the rate and process of second language acquisition/learning ; in turn, the outcome of acquisition/learning is considered to influence the individual factors, and vice versa. The significant role such individual factors play is easily perceivable in not only learning/teaching Japanese or English but any languages.In 1996, the major effort in the investigation was given to firming the foundation of resource data that contain essential publications and works in research on individual differences in language learning/teaching. The database made mainly contains research results on learning/teaching English, which has been morethoroughly studied, and is expected to contribute to individual differences research in any language learning/teaching.The year 1997 was mainly spent on constructing and presenting a model which explains the role individual differences play in language acquisition/learning on the basis of the database. The model takes into consideration the relationship between individual learners and their social contexts. The database will be made available to public in the form of hard copy and computer file. The final report of the investigation includes 1) the model, 2) discussion on individual factors, and 3) case studies that illustrate a variety of individual differences in language learning/teaching.

本研究旨在探讨造成语言学习/教学中个体差异的因素，特别是日语和英语。在日语或英语教学中，如何科普学习者个体因素的多样性，已成为当前普遍认识的问题。每个语言学习者在年龄、能力、动机、对目标语言和文化的态度、学习策略、认知风格、个性、情感领域以及他们学习第二语言的社会环境方面都有很大的差异。这些因素被发现影响第二语言习得/学习的速度和过程;反过来，习得/学习的结果被认为影响个体因素，反之亦然。这种个人因素的重要性，不仅在日语或英语的学习/教学中，在任何语言的学习/教学中都是显而易见的。1996年的调查工作主要是巩固有关语言学习/教学中的个人差异研究的重要出版物和著作等资源数据的基础。1997年的主要工作是在此基础上构建和提出一个解释语言习得中个体差异的模型。该模型考虑到了学习者个人与其社会背景之间的关系。该资料库将以印本及电脑档案形式供公众查阅。调查的最终报告包括1）模型，2）个体因素的讨论，3）案例研究，说明了语言学习/教学中的各种个体差异。