Estimation of Biiological Purification Potentials of Petroleum Hydrocarbons in Estuarinrin Sediment of Urban River

城市河流河口沉积物中石油烃的生物净化潜力估算

基本信息

批准号：
08680551
负责人：
KOBAYASHI Akiko
金额：
$ 1.41万
依托单位：
Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)
财政年份：
1996
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
1996 至 1997
项目状态：
已结题

项目摘要

Estuarine sediments in urban rivers contain petroleum hydrocarbons which are derived from numerous deverse sources such as motor vehicle exhaust, fuel combustion products, airborne particulate matter, and high-boiling temperature petroleum distilllates. We determine the aerobic and anaerobic biodegradation rates of the substrates of petroleum hydrocarbons using estuarine sediment from the Tama River in urban Tokyo.Known amounts of the selected petroleum hydrocarbons were added to a sediment sulurry which was prepared by mixing the sediment with river bottom water (sediment : water, 1 : 1. v/v). We added petroleum hydrocarbons to a test tube (100ml volume), and then added 10ml of sediment slurry. We periodically extracted petroleum hydrocarbons from the sediment slurry using ethyl acetate, and then determined their concentration by FID gas chromatography or spectrophotometer.When the maximum microbial purification potentials of petroleum hydrocarbons are estimated under anaerobic conditions, the degradation ratio by the stationary culture is better than by the shaking culture. For example, the degradation ratio of hexadecane for 30 days is 45% by shaking and 89% by stationary. In hexadecanol, it is 31% by shaking and 97% by stationary for 15 days. In p-chlorphenol, it is 6% by shakin and 94% by stationary for 25 days. In m-aminobenzoic acid, it is trace by shaking and 96% by stationary for 19 days. It is obvious that the reason is not the cell damage by shaking or short contact time between substrate and degrading cell, but adaptaion of cultivation condition. The[ sediment core experiments suggested that aerobic microorganisms in oxidized surficail sediment were more capable of degrading petroleum hydrocarbon than microorganisms in anaerobic sediment. The bio-purification potential of hexadecane, phenanthrene and anthracene in Tama River were evalutated in anaerobic core sediment.

城市河流中的河口沉积物包含石油碳氢化合物，这些石油碳氢化合物源自许多去向源，例如机动车辆排气，燃油燃烧产品，机载颗粒物和高沸腾温度的石油馏出物。我们使用来自Tokyo Urban的Tama River的河口沉积物来确定石油烃底物的有氧和厌氧生物降解速率。将所选的石油烃添加到沉积物硫中，将其添加到沉积物底部的沉积物中，将其与河底水混合而成，该沉积物是通过河底水混合（Sedients：satements：Sedients：satements：satements：sateiment：sateiment：sateiment：vater：1：1：1：1：1：1：1 v/v）。我们在试管（100毫升体积）中添加了石油烃，然后加入10毫升的沉积物泥浆。我们定期使用乙酸乙酯从沉积物泥浆中提取石油烃，然后通过FID气相色谱或分光光度计确定其浓度。在厌氧条件下估计石油烃的最大微生物纯化电位，比静态培养的比例更好地估计了由常规培养的降级比例。例如，通过摇动六十天的六烷降解比为45％，而固定率为89％。在六烷醇中，摇动31％，固定时间为97％，持续15天。在P-氯苯酚中，Shakin为6％，静止为94％，持续25天。在M-氨基苯甲酸中，它是通过摇动而痕迹的痕迹，而固定式的96％是19天。很明显，原因不是底物和降解细胞之间的摇动或短时间接触时间，而是培养条件的适应性。 [沉积物核心实验表明，在氧化术中，有氧微生物比在厌氧沉积物中的微生物比微生物更能力降解石油碳氢化合物。在厌氧核心的沉积物中评估了六烷，苯鞭打和蒽的生物纯化潜力。