Psychological and Sociological Study on Athletic Retirement

本研究从运动心理学和运动社会学的角度探讨运动员退役后的适应过程。主要研究结果如下：1）对运动员退役后适应的相关文献进行了回顾，并对未来的研究提出了一些有益的建议。在运动心理学领域，自我同一性的再确认是理解、理解和解释运动员退役的有效框架;在运动社会学领域，对退役运动员在社会结构的支持和压抑下的生活史研究有助于理解运动员重新适应新的生活阶段。2)对日本职业足球运动员职业转换的实际情况进行了分析。3)通过对两位经历过中年危机的前奥运选手适应过程的考察，发现“预期社会化”和“时间观”是这一过程中的重要因素。4)通过对5名韩国前顶级运动员的采访，他们认识到，作为运动员的公众名人随着岁月的流逝而逐渐消失。5)一位前运动员的心理治疗案例表明，退休后的内心工作（哀悼工作，个性化）鼓励转移到生命的下一阶段。

This research project examined the adjustment process after athletic retirement from the field of sport psychology and sport sociology. Main results are as follows.1) First step was a review of the literatuture on adjustment after athletic retirement, and presented several beneficial suggestions for future research. We suggested that the reconfirmation of ego identity is useful framework to understand and to understand and to explain the athletic retirement in the field of sport psychology, and life history approach to retiring athletes who has been supported and depressed by social structure is beneficial for understanding of their readjustment to new stage of life in sport sociology field. 2) The actual condition of career transition was analyzed among professional soccer players in Japan. 3) Through the examining in adjustment process of two former Olympians who had experienced the middle-age crisis, 'anticipatory socialization' and 'time perspective' were important factors in the process. 4) From the interview of 5 former top athletes in Korea, they recognized that public celebrities as athletes shaded off as years go by. 5) Psychotherapeutic case of a former athlete suggested that inner work accompaning the retirement (mourning work, individuation) encouraged to transfer to the next stage of life.