Bioremediation of Chlorinated Organic Compounds

为了对受氯有机物污染的地下水进行生物修复，从实验或理论上研究和建立了细胞生长和降解氯代有机物的动力学。在恶臭假单胞菌IAM 1002对1，2-二氯乙烷的生物降解中，用乙醇活化细胞快速降解高浓度的1，2-二氯乙烷，得到2000ppm的降解产物。1，2-二氯乙烷在一周内的降解率可达90%以上，1，2-二氯乙烷的残留量可降至10~30ppm。在降解产物的定性鉴定中，证明1，2-二氯乙烷经2-氯乙醇、氯乙醛和一氯乙酸降解为无机氯离子而无毒。在醋酸钙不动杆菌IAM 12580对1，2-二氯乙烷的降解中，以50~1000ppm的1，2-二氯乙烷为唯一底物，在不用乙醇激活细胞的情况下迅速降解。1，2-二氯乙烷的降解率在90%以上，1，2-二氯乙烷的残留量小于40ppm，达到了环境标准。这些结果验证了该菌对1，2-二氯乙烷的生物修复效果。此外，该细菌的细胞生长符合Monod方程，并利用细胞产量、最大比生长速率和饱和常数的估计生长参数，建立了细胞生长和氯代有机物降解的动力学方程。

Kinetics of cell growth and degradation of chlorinated organic compounds were examined and established experimentally or theoretically for the purpose of bioremediation of underground water contaminated by chlorinated organic compounds. These summary are shown as follows :In the biodegradation of 1,2-dichloroetane by Pseudomonas putida IAM 1002, 1,2-dichloroetane of high concentration to give 2000 ppm was rapidly degraded by means of activated cells with ethanol. The degradation fractions of 1,2-dichloroetane ranging in concentration from 100 to 2000 ppm were shown over 90% in a week and the residual 1,2-dichloroetane could be reduced to 10 〜 30 ppm. In the qualitative identification of degradation products, it was proved 1,2-dichloroetane were degraded up to inorganic chloride ions and made nontoxic via 2-chloroethanol, chloroacetaldehyde and monochloroaceticacid.In the biodegradation of 1,2-dichloroetane by Acinetobacter calcoaceticus IAM 12580, 1,2-dichloroetane of 50 〜 1000 ppm was used as the only substrate and rapidly degraded without activation of cells by ethanol. The degradation fractions of 1,2-dichloroetane were shown over 90% and the residual 1,2-dichloroetane were less than 40 ppm to give the environmental standard. From these results, the effectiveness for bioremediation of 1,2-dichloroetane by this bacteria was verified. Furthermore, Monod's equation was applicable to the cell growth of this bacteria and the kinetics of cell growth and degradation of chlorinated organic compounds were formulated using the estimated growth parameter of cell yield maximum specific growth rate and saturation constant.