Bioremediation of Chlorinated Organic Compounds

研究了含氯有机化合物的细胞生长和降解动力学，并从实验和理论上建立了含氯有机化合物污染地下水的生物修复动力学。这些总结如下：在恶臭假单胞菌IAM 1002对1,2-二氯烷的生物降解过程中，高浓度至2000 ppm的1,2-二氯烷通过乙醇活化细胞快速降解。浓度为100 ~ 2000 ppm的1,2-二氯烷在一周内的降解率可达90%以上，残留的1,2-二氯烷可降至10 ~ 30 ppm。通过对降解产物的定性鉴定，证明1,2-二氯乙烷经2-氯乙醇、氯乙醛和一氯乙酸可降解为无机氯离子，使其无毒。钙酸不动杆菌IAM 12580生物降解1,2-二氯烷时，以浓度为50 ~ 1000 ppm的1,2-二氯烷为唯一底物，无需乙醇激活细胞即可快速降解。1,2-二氯烷的降解分数超过90%，残留的1,2-二氯烷小于40 ppm，达到环境标准。由此验证了该菌对1,2-二氯烷的生物修复效果。此外，莫诺德方程适用于该细菌的细胞生长，并利用细胞产量、最大比生长速率和饱和常数的估计生长参数建立了细胞生长和降解氯代有机物的动力学。

Kinetics of cell growth and degradation of chlorinated organic compounds were examined and established experimentally or theoretically for the purpose of bioremediation of underground water contaminated by chlorinated organic compounds. These summary are shown as follows :In the biodegradation of 1,2-dichloroetane by Pseudomonas putida IAM 1002, 1,2-dichloroetane of high concentration to give 2000 ppm was rapidly degraded by means of activated cells with ethanol. The degradation fractions of 1,2-dichloroetane ranging in concentration from 100 to 2000 ppm were shown over 90% in a week and the residual 1,2-dichloroetane could be reduced to 10 〜 30 ppm. In the qualitative identification of degradation products, it was proved 1,2-dichloroetane were degraded up to inorganic chloride ions and made nontoxic via 2-chloroethanol, chloroacetaldehyde and monochloroaceticacid.In the biodegradation of 1,2-dichloroetane by Acinetobacter calcoaceticus IAM 12580, 1,2-dichloroetane of 50 〜 1000 ppm was used as the only substrate and rapidly degraded without activation of cells by ethanol. The degradation fractions of 1,2-dichloroetane were shown over 90% and the residual 1,2-dichloroetane were less than 40 ppm to give the environmental standard. From these results, the effectiveness for bioremediation of 1,2-dichloroetane by this bacteria was verified. Furthermore, Monod's equation was applicable to the cell growth of this bacteria and the kinetics of cell growth and degradation of chlorinated organic compounds were formulated using the estimated growth parameter of cell yield maximum specific growth rate and saturation constant.