Mechanisms by which dietary oils affect behavioral patterns of rats

膳食油影响大鼠行为模式的机制

• 批准号: 09672242
• 负责人: OKUYAMA Harumi
• 金额: $ 2.05万
• 依托单位: Nagoya City University
• 依托单位国家: 日本
• 项目类别: Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)
• 财政年份: 1997
• 资助国家: 日本
• 起止时间: 1997 至 1998
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-09672242/
• 关键词: alpha-linolenic acid; linoleic aicd; docosahexaenoic acid; eicosapentaenoic acid; learning ability; acetylcholine; monoamine; nerve growth factor; α‐リノレン酸; AMPA受容体

Rats fed through two generations a diet supplemented with safflower oil enriched with linoleic acid (n-6) but deficient in ci-linolenic acid (n-3) exhibited significantly lower learning ability in alpha brightness-discrimination learning test (operant-type) and significantly decreased DHA content than those fed a diet supplemented with perilla oil enriched with alpha-linolenic acid. In this study, we examined whether or not the supplementation of DHA after weaning restores the decreased learning ability observed in the safflower oil group. When DHA was supplemented after weaning (Saf + DHA group), DHA and 22 : 5n-6 contents in brain reached the levels seen in the perilla oil group. However, the learning ability (correct response ratio) of the Saf+DHA group was comparable to that of the safflower oil group, and was significantly lower than in the perilla oil group. Lever pressing responses to the positive and negative stimuli were also similar to those of the safflower oil group. Conten … More ts of monoamines (depamine, serotonin and their metabolites) in brain regions were determined to find no significant difference among the three dietary groups. Acetylcholine content tended to be lower in the frontal cortex and hippocampus of the Saf+DHA group than in the other groups, but was not correlated with learning performance. On the other hand, NGF (nerve growth factor) content was significantly lower in hippocampus but was significantly higher in the piriform cortex of the safflower oil group than in the perilla oil group. When EPA (20 : 5n-3) was supplemented to the safflower oil group after weaning, brain DHA content reached the level of the perilla oil group, but NGF level was comparable to that of the safflower oil group. These results suggest that the decreased learning ability of the safflower oil group is due to irreversible effect of decreased DHA in brain during gestation and lactation. However, some fatty acids in brain such as 20 : 4n-6, 22 : 4n-6 and 22 : 5n-3 did not reach the levels seen in the perilla oil group, and could be involved in the inferior learning performance of the safflower oil group and Saf+DHA group. Less

与添加富含α -亚麻酸的紫苏油的大鼠相比，添加富含亚油酸（n-6）但缺乏-亚麻酸（n-3）的红花油连续两代喂养的大鼠在α -明辨别学习测试（操作型）中的学习能力显著降低，DHA含量显著降低。在本研究中，我们研究了在断奶后补充DHA是否能恢复红花油组中观察到的学习能力下降。断奶后补充DHA （Saf + DHA组），脑内DHA和22:5 n-6含量达到紫苏油组水平。然而，Saf+DHA组的学习能力（正确反应率）与红花油组相当，显著低于紫苏油组。对积极和消极刺激的杠杆按压反应也与红花油组相似。研究人员测定了三种饮食组大脑区域中单胺（去胺胺、血清素及其代谢物）的含量，发现三种饮食组之间无显著差异。Saf+DHA组脑额叶和海马的乙酰胆碱含量较其他组低，但与学习成绩无关。另一方面，与紫苏油组相比，红花油组海马区NGF（神经生长因子）含量显著降低，梨状皮质区NGF含量显著升高。断奶后在红花油组中添加EPA (20:5 n-3)，脑DHA含量达到紫苏油组水平，NGF水平与红花油组相当。上述结果提示，红花油组小鼠学习能力下降是由于妊娠期和哺乳期脑内DHA含量下降的不可逆作用所致。然而，大脑中的一些脂肪酸如20:4n -6、22:4n -6和22:5n -3没有达到紫苏油组的水平，可能与红花油组和Saf+DHA组的学习成绩较差有关。少

项目成果

Yoshida,S.et al.: "Functional changes of rat brain microsomal membrane surface after learning task depending on dietary fatty acids." J.Neurochem.68. 1261-1268 (1997)

Yoshida,S.et al.：“学习任务后大鼠脑微粒体膜表面的功能变化取决于膳食脂肪酸。”

Yoshida, S., Yasuda, A., Kawazato, H., Sakai, K., Shimada, T., Takeshita, M., Yuasa, S., Kobayashi, T., Watanabe, S.and Okuyama, H.: "Synaptic vesicle ultrastructural changes in the rat hippocampus induced by a combination of alpha-linolenate deficiency a

吉田，S.，安田，A.，川里，H.，酒井，K.，岛田，T.，竹下，M.，汤浅，S.，小林，T.，渡边，S.和奥山，H.：

Yoshida,S.et al.: "Synaptic vesicle ultrastructural changes in the rat hippocampus induced by a combination of alpha-linolenate deficiency and a learning task." J.Neurochem.68. 1261-1268 (1997)

Yoshida,S.et al.：“α-亚麻酸缺乏和学习任务相结合引起的大鼠海马突触小泡超微结构变化。”

奥山治美: "薬でなおらない成人病" 黎明書房, 263 (1999)

奥山晴美：“药物无法治愈的成人疾病”《灵明书房》，263（1999）

Yoshida,S.et al.: "Synaptic vesicle ultrastructural changes in the rat hippocampus induced by a combination of alpha-linolenate deficiency and a learning task" J.Neurochem.68. 1261-1268 (1997)

Yoshida,S.et al.：“α-亚麻酸缺乏和学习任务相结合引起的大鼠海马突触小泡超微结构变化”J.Neurochem.68。