Study on the function and the responsibilities of ethics committees in Japan

日本伦理委员会的职能与职责研究

基本信息

  • 批准号:
    09672297
  • 负责人:
  • 金额:
    $ 1.41万
  • 依托单位:
  • 依托单位国家:
    日本
  • 项目类别:
    Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)
  • 财政年份:
    1997
  • 资助国家:
    日本
  • 起止时间:
    1997 至 1999
  • 项目状态:
    已结题

项目摘要

The growing number of ethics committees (ECs) indicates that significant changes have occurred in the decision making process in the clinical setting in Japan. The purposes of this study are to : 1) investigate the current status ; 2) make guidelines for establishing and running an EC in a general hospital setting ; 3) to explore the degree of discretion and responsibility of the EC, and 4) to make a comprehensive proposal. To achieve the above goals, several surveys were conducted.1) General hospitals (1996). A self-administered questionnaire was sent to directors of 3,098 general hospitals (recovery rate: 44%). About 15% had ECs. The problems they faced were unclearness of their responsibilities , financial issues , and no uniform decision making criteria.2) Medical schools (1995-1996). A self-administered questionnaire was sent to the EC of all 80 medical schools, asking about the current status (recovery rate: 100%). More than half of them answered that they would review issues independently from academic societies and ministries.3) Academic societies (1998). A self-administered questionnaire was sent to directors of 137 societies (recovery rate: 88%). Twenty-eight societies had ECs. Most societies answered that they would not intervene but just make objections when their opinions conflicted with medical schools' decisions.4) The Ministry of Health and Welfare (1999). Semi-structured interviews were performed with two officers who were engaged in policy making. The Ministry basically regulates and intervenes in the issues that are legalized such as organ transplantation. Other issues are handled case by case.Finally, for the question "Is the Japanese EC system unique?", we would answer that factors such as member constitution, location, and topics discussed seem to be similar to ones in other countries . Rather than the outlook, the difference might exist in its decision making procedures such as a consensus-seeking tendency, and needs further analysis.
伦理委员会(EC)数量的增加表明,日本临床环境中的决策过程发生了重大变化。本研究的目的是:1)调查现状; 2)制定在综合医院环境中建立和运行EC的指南; 3)探讨EC的自由裁量权和责任程度; 4)提出综合建议。为了实现上述目标,进行了几次调查。向3,098家综合医院的院长发送了自填式问卷(回收率:44%)。大约15%的人有EC。他们面临的问题是他们的职责不明确,财务问题,没有统一的决策标准。2)医学院(1995-1996年)。向所有80所医学院的EC发送了一份自填式问卷,询问当前状况(回收率:100%)。超过一半的国家回答说,它们将独立于学术团体和部委审查问题。向137个社团的董事发送了自填式问卷(回收率:88%)。28个社会有选举委员会。大多数社团的回答是,当他们的意见与医学院的决定相冲突时,他们不会干预,只是提出反对意见。半结构化访谈进行了两名官员谁是从事决策。该部主要管理和干预器官移植等合法化问题。其他问题则根据具体情况进行处理。最后,对于“日本EC制度是否独特?“,我们会回答说,成员组成,地点和讨论的议题等因素似乎与其他国家相似。与其说是前景的差异,不如说是决策程序的差异,比如寻求共识的倾向,需要进一步分析。

项目成果

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Akabayashi, A., Kai.I., Takemura, H., Okazaki, H.: "Truth telling in the case of a pessimistic diagnosis in Japan."The Lancet. 354. 1263 (1999)
Akabayashi, A.、Kai.I.、Takemura, H.、Okazaki, H.:“日本悲观诊断案例中的真相。”《柳叶刀》。
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    0
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Akabayashi,A.: "Questions raised over release of side effects data in Japan" The Lancet. 350. 124-124 (1997)
Akabayashi,A.:“对日本发布副作用数据提出的问题”《柳叶刀》。
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    0
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深津 宜子ら: "日本の一般病院における倫理委員会の設置状況及び倫理的問題への対応" 生命倫理. 7 (1). 130-136 (1997)
Yoshiko Fukatsu 等人:“日本综合医院伦理委员会的设立现状及伦理问题的应对”Bioethics 7 (1)。
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    0
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Akabayashi A., Miyasaka, M., Kai, I et al.: "Survey of Medical Ethics Education in Japanese Medical Schools."Medical Education (Japan). 30 (in Japanese). 47-53 (1999)
Akabayashi A.、Miyasaka, M.、Kai, I 等:“日本医学院医学伦理教育调查”。医学教育(日本)。
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    0
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Akabayashi A.: "Female circumcision - A health issue or human rights issue."Health Care Analysis. 6(1). 55-58 (1998)
Akabayashi A.:“女性包皮环切术 - 健康问题或人权问题。”医疗保健分析。
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AKABAYASHI Akira其他文献

Acidic fibroblast growth factor indices fever via the afferent hepatic and gastric vagus nerves in rats.
酸性成纤维细胞生长因子通过大鼠的传入肝和胃迷走神经指示发烧。
  • DOI:
  • 发表时间:
    2006
  • 期刊:
  • 影响因子:
    0
  • 作者:
    AKABAYASHI Akira;KURATA Nobuo;KODAMA Satoshi(ed.);A.R.Jonsen;Matsumoto Itsuro et al.
  • 通讯作者:
    Matsumoto Itsuro et al.

AKABAYASHI Akira的其他文献

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{{ truncateString('AKABAYASHI Akira', 18)}}的其他基金

Fundamental research in Japanese clinical ethics consultation
日本临床伦理咨询的基础研究
  • 批准号:
    21590555
  • 财政年份:
    2009
  • 资助金额:
    $ 1.41万
  • 项目类别:
    Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)
Basic research on the public health ethics
公共卫生伦理基础研究
  • 批准号:
    18590487
  • 财政年份:
    2006
  • 资助金额:
    $ 1.41万
  • 项目类别:
    Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)
Research on Psychosocial and Ethical Aspects of Living Donor Liver Transplantation
活体肝移植的心理社会和伦理方面的研究
  • 批准号:
    15590456
  • 财政年份:
    2003
  • 资助金额:
    $ 1.41万
  • 项目类别:
    Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)
Producing a medical ethics casebook for Japan
为日本制作医学伦理案例集
  • 批准号:
    10557238
  • 财政年份:
    1998
  • 资助金额:
    $ 1.41万
  • 项目类别:
    Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (B).
The Development of Evaluation Method for Bioethics Education in Japan.
日本生命伦理学教育评价方法的发展。
  • 批准号:
    07672437
  • 财政年份:
    1995
  • 资助金额:
    $ 1.41万
  • 项目类别:
    Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)

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