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The development of the fall risk assessment tool in the institutionalized elderly

机构老人跌倒风险评估工具的开发

基本信息

批准号：
09672385
负责人：
IZUMI Kiyoko
金额：
$ 2.11万
依托单位：
Kanazawa University
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)
财政年份：
1997
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
1997 至 1999
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-09672385/
关键词：
institutionalized elderly assessment tool falls nursing 予測看護者骨量筋力

项目摘要

The purpose of this three-year research project was to develop the fall risk assessment tool in the institutionalized elderly. In the first year, we reviewed research articles dealing with risk factors of falls in the elderly. We measured the isometric maximal knee-extension strength of the institutionalized elderly every year using a hand-held dynamometer, ultrasound bone densitometry of calcaneus, and postural sways. Then, we compared these data with community-residing elderly. In the second year, we surveyed nurses who encountered falls in the nursing home and extended care facility and asked if the nurse predicted the fall of the patient and risk factors identified by the nurse. The result of the qualitative study was integrated in the assessment tool. In addition, we analyzed elderly who had fallen. In the last year, we conducted a prospective study to evaluate the assessment tool in the eleven institutions. The paper and pencil tool consisted of eight elements including, mobility, vision, cognitive function, nurses' prediction to predict falls, trigger events, etc.The sensitivity of the tool was 68.2%, and the specificity was 74.0% using the cutoff point of 5 excluding trigger events. The highest relative risk of falls was nurses' prediction (RR : 6.5), followed by the history of falls (RR : 5.6), the assistance of elimination (RR : 3.0), and lowed cognitive function (RR : 2.6). The results are consistent with previous studies, the assessment tool was effective in identifying high risk elderly.

这项为期三年的研究项目的目的是开发机构老年人跌倒风险评估工具。在第一年，我们回顾了有关老年人福尔斯跌倒危险因素的研究文章。我们每年使用手持式测力计、跟骨超声骨密度测定和姿势摆动测量机构老年人的等长最大伸膝力量。然后，我们将这些数据与社区老年人进行了比较。在第二年，我们调查了在疗养院和扩展护理设施中遇到福尔斯的护士，并询问护士是否预测了患者的跌倒和护士确定的风险因素。定性研究的结果已纳入评估工具。此外，我们还分析了跌倒的老年人。去年，我们进行了一项前瞻性研究，以评估11所机构的评估工具。纸笔工具由活动能力、视力、认知功能、护士预测福尔斯、触发事件等8个因素组成，以5个触发事件为界值，敏感性为68.2%，特异性为74.0%。发生福尔斯的相对危险度最高的是护士的预测（RR：6.5），其次是福尔斯史（RR：5.6）、协助排除（RR：3.0）和认知功能低下（RR：2.6）。研究结果与以往的研究结果一致，该评估工具在识别高危老年人方面是有效的。