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ATMOCHEM - Biological aerosol particles in the atmosphere and their impact on clouds (BIOCLOUDS)

ATMOCHEM - 大气中的生物气溶胶颗粒及其对云的影响 (BIOCLOUDS)

基本信息

批准号：
82797955
负责人：
Professor Dr. Thomas Koop
金额：
--
依托单位：
Laboratoire de Météorologie Physique (LaMP)
依托单位国家：
德国
项目类别：
Research Grants
财政年份：
2008
资助国家：
德国
起止时间：
2007-12-31 至 2013-12-31
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://gepris.dfg.de/gepris/projekt/82797955?language=en
关键词：
ATMOCHEM Biological aerosol particles atmosphere

项目摘要

Aerosol particles play a key role in atmospheric sciences and climate, as they are essential for cloud formation. A subgroup are aerosol particles of biological origin (ABO) which include plant debris, pollen or living organisms like bacteria, fungi and yeasts. Recent measurements on the Puy de Dome station have identified in cloud water the presence of bacteria, yeasts and fungi. One can speculate that, in a warmer and more humid climate, more bacteria will find viable conditions in the atmosphere and, thus, become even more abundant in aerosols and clouds.It is known from previous studies that such ABO particles have the potential to act as cloud condensation nuclei (CCN) and ice nuclei (IN) and thereby influence the formation and evolution of clouds, in particular the initiation of precipitation. However, new laboratory and cloud modelling studies are needed to quantify the microphysical role of ABO in clouds and thereby also their indirect effect on climate. The microphysical properties of both pristine ABO and those aged in the atmosphere by heterogeneous chemistry and cloud processes are important and need to be quantified, in particular for those ABO species found in clouds, snow, and precipitation water.The proposed project BIOCLOUDS aims at investigating and quantifying the role of ABO particles in tropospheric clouds. It is a contribution to topic area 1 “Tropospheric Aerosols and Clouds”, subtopics 2 (The biogenic aerosol) and 4 (Cloud processing) within the call for proposals. The four project partners and two associated partners will combine their expertise in microbiology, aerosol-cloud microphysics, meteorology, and cloud modelling in order to (1) identify relevant species in cloud and precipitation water and, for comparison, in the aerosol outside clouds, (2) extract and culture relevant samples for laboratory investigations of CCN and IN properties, and, (3) make use of the new experimental results as input to cloud models in order to improve the formulation of microphysical processes for ABO in models and to more accurately assess the potential importance of these processes for cloud evolution. Species of interest for the suggested project are bacteria, yeasts, fungi, pollen and plant debris.

气溶胶粒子在大气科学和气候中起着关键作用，因为它们是云形成的关键。一个亚组是生物来源的气溶胶颗粒（ABO），包括植物碎片，花粉或细菌，真菌和酵母等活生物体。最近对Puy de Dome站的测量已经在云水中发现了细菌，酵母菌和真菌的存在。可以推测，在更温暖和更潮湿的气候中，更多的细菌将在大气中找到生存的条件，从而在气溶胶和云中变得更加丰富。从以前的研究中得知，这些ABO颗粒有可能充当云凝结核（CCN）和冰核（IN），从而影响云的形成和演变，特别是降水的开始。然而，需要新的实验室和云模型研究来量化ABO在云中的微物理作用，从而也量化其对气候的间接影响。原始ABO和那些在大气中老化的非均质化学和云过程的微物理特性是重要的，需要量化，特别是对于那些ABO物种中发现的云，雪，和降水water.The拟议的项目BIOCLOUDS旨在调查和量化的ABO粒子在对流层云层中的作用。它是对提案征集中主题领域1“对流层气溶胶和云”、分主题2（生物气溶胶）和分主题4（云处理）的贡献。四个项目合作伙伴和两个相关合作伙伴将联合收割机结合他们在微生物学、气溶胶-云微物理学、气象学和云建模方面的专门知识，以便：（1）确定云和降水中的相关物种，以及云外气溶胶中的相关物种，以供比较;（2）提取和培养相关样本，用于云凝结核和无机氮特性的实验室研究;以及，（3）利用新的实验结果作为云模式的输入，以改进模式中ABO微物理过程的表述，并更准确地评估这些过程对云演化的潜在重要性。建议的项目感兴趣的物种是细菌、酵母、真菌、花粉和植物残骸。