Stress and Autonomic Nervous Activity among Taxi Drivers

目的探讨工作对出租车司机交感神经和副交感神经活动的影响。方法以23名血压正常的男性出租车司机和12名高血压的男性出租车司机为研究对象。在霍尔特ECG上，用复解调法分析R-R间期的变化。高频成分（0.30 Hz）的幅度被用作副交感神经活动的参数，低频成分（0.09 Hz）与高频成分的比率（L/H）被用作交感神经活动的参数。比较吸烟前后的自主神经活动。每隔30分钟自动记录一次动态血压。作为对照组，未接受治疗的健康白班男性工人，有（n=6）和无（n=7）的高血压进行了检查。交感神经活性在工作日高于节假日，但差异不显著。在高血压驾驶员中，工作日的副交感神经活动明显低于假期的第一天。在高血压司机，高交感神经活动持续到晚上的工作日，副交感神经活动在白天的时间受到抑制。交感神经活动在吸烟后5分钟内显著增加20：00-22：00 h.Conclusions吸烟后，14：00-19：00 h. Conclusions血压保持在一整天，交感神经活动增加，抑制副交感神经活动。这种趋势在高血压驾驶员中更为明显。吸烟加速交感神经和抑制副交感神经活动，特别是在晚上。

Objectives We investigated work-related effects on sympathetic and parasympathetic nervous activity in taxi drivers.Methods The subjects were 23 normotensive and 12 hypertensive male taxi drivers. On Holter ECG, changes in the R-R interval were analyzed by a complex demodulation method. Amplitude of the high frequency components (0.30 Hz) was used as the parameter of parasympathetic activity, and the ratio of low-frequency components (0.09 Hz) to high-frequency components (L/H) was used as the parameter of sympathetic activity. Autonomic nervous activity was compared before and after cigarette smoking. Ambulatory blood pressure was recorded automatically at 30-min intervals. As reference groups, un-treated healthy day shift male workers, with (n=6) and without (n=7) hypertension were examined.Results Blood pressure on the working day was significantly higher as a whole, in blood pressure. Sympathetic activity on the working days was insignificantly higher than that on holidays. In hypertensive drivers, parasympathetic activity on working days was significantly lower than that on the first day of a holiday. In hypertensive drivers, high sympathetic activity persisted until the night on working days, and parasympathetic activity was suppressed during the day time. Sympathetic activity was significantly increased within 5 minutes after smoking between 20 : 00-22 : 00 hours, and parasympathetic activity was suppressed after smoking between 14 : 00-19 : 00 hours.Conclusions Taxi-driving work maintained blood pressure throughout the day, increased sympathetic activity, and suppressed parasympathetic activity. This tendency was more apparent in hypertensive drivers. Smoking accelerated sympathetic and suppressed parasympathetic activity especially at night.