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Evaluation on trihalomethane formation potentials of dissolved organic matter using the dissolved organic carbon fractionation method.

利用溶解有机碳分馏法评价溶解有机物的三卤甲烷形成潜力。

基本信息

批准号：
09650614
负责人：
IMAI Akio
金额：
$ 2.18万
依托单位：
NATIONAL INSTITUTE FOR ENVIRONMENTAL STUDIES
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)
财政年份：
1997
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
1997 至 1999
项目状态：
已结题

项目摘要

A steady increase bas been observed in dissolved organic matter (DOM) in several lakes, such as Lake Biwa ; this may be a new type of lake water pollution. The accumulation of DOM in lake presents a serious challenge for drinking-water management since DOM is a major precursor of trihalomethanes (THMs) produced during chlorination in water treatment. Aquatic humic substances (AHSs) have been reported to be the major THM precursor in natural waters. However, it is rarely the case that AHSs were appropriately isolated from natural waters and subsequently their THM formation potentials were measured. Besides, non-AHS DOM, the remaining after AHSs separation, has never been evaluated for its THM formation potentials. Therefore, evaluation on the characteristics of THM formation potentials of DOM in lake water is urgently needed.The objectives of this study were : to develop a method by which DOM is separated into well-characterized macro-fractions based on the separation conditions of AHSs ; and to measure and evaluate THMFP of DOM, AHSs and non-AHSs fractions in Lake Kasumigaura, the second largest lake in Japan.The major findings in this study were as follows : (1) hydrophilic acids were predominant over AHSs (AHSs are hydrophobic acids) ; and (2) hydrophilic fractions ( = hydrophilic acids + bases + neutrals ) were significantly greater in THM formation potential as μmole THM formed per liter than AHSs, which has been considered the major THM precursor in natural waters. These findings clearly suggest that hydrophilic DOM be more important than AHSs in terms of THM precursors in lake waters.

在琵琶湖等几个湖泊中，溶解有机质（DOM）呈稳定增长趋势；这可能是一种新型的湖泊水污染。DOM是水处理氯化过程中产生的三卤甲烷（THMs）的主要前体，因此DOM在湖泊中的积累对饮用水管理提出了严峻的挑战。据报道，水生腐殖质（AHSs）是天然水体中THM的主要前体。然而，很少从自然水体中适当地分离ahs，然后测量其THM形成电位。此外，ahs分离后剩余的非ahs DOM尚未对其THM形成电位进行评价。因此，迫切需要对湖泊水体中DOM的THM形成势特征进行评价。本研究的目的是：建立一种基于ahs分离条件的DOM分离成表征良好的宏观组分的方法；测定和评价日本第二大湖泊霞浦湖中DOM、AHSs和非AHSs组分的THMFP。本研究的主要发现如下：(1)亲水性酸优于AHSs （AHSs为疏水性酸）；(2)亲水组分（=亲水酸+碱+中性）的THM形成电位（μmol / l THM）明显大于ahs， ahs被认为是天然水体中THM的主要前体。这些发现清楚地表明，亲水DOM在湖泊水体中THM前体的作用比AHSs更重要。