Accelerated Reduction and Recycling of Solid Wastes by Application of Enzymes Capable of Green Plastic Degradation

应用绿色塑料降解酶加速固体废物减量化和资源化

• 批准号: 09650602
• 负责人: FUJITA Masanori
• 金额: $ 1.15万
• 依托单位: Osaka University
• 依托单位国家: 日本
• 项目类别: Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)
• 财政年份: 1997
• 资助国家: 日本
• 起止时间: 1997 至 1998
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-09650602/
• 关键词: PVA-starch blend plastic; Acetate cellulose plastic; PVAoxidase; Amylase; Lipase; Cellulase; UV irradiation; Accelerated degradation; ポリビニルアルコール-デンプン系プラスチック; 紫外線処理; ポリビニルアルコール分解酵素; 分解加速化; 酢酸セルロース

Attempts were made to accelerate the degradation of an polyvinyl alcohol (PVA)-starch blend plastic, Mater-bi AF10H, by applying starch- and PVA-degrading bacteria and enzymes.Mater-bi degradation tests by an activated sludge, simulating its degradation in natural environment, resulted in the ultimate weight loss of less than 40 % and no film breakage.Applications of a starch-degrading bacterium and a-amylase caused more rapid and extensive weight loss (max. 50 %) than the activated sludge, however the apparent film breakage was not also observed.On the other hand, when a PVA-degrading bacterium or enzyme was applied, a maximal weight loss of ca. 70 % was achieved and film breakage occurred.The enzyme application was especially effective, and led to the film fragmentation into small pieces within 10 days under an optimal condition.These suggested that the degradation of PVA fraction is important and requisite for complete degradation of Mater-bi.On the other hand, an acetate cellulose plastic could not be degraded by applying lipase and/ or cellulase enzymes.However, when it was tre-treated by UV irradiation, about 60 % of weight loss was performed at an optimal condition.As a conclusion, this is a great success for accelerating degradation of green plastics, leading also to acceleration of reduction and recycling of solid wastes.

利用淀粉和聚乙烯醇降解细菌和酶，试图加速聚乙烯醇-淀粉共混塑料materi -bi AF10H的降解。采用活性污泥法进行物质降解试验，模拟其在自然环境下的降解，最终失重小于40%，无破膜现象。淀粉降解细菌和a-淀粉酶的应用使体重减轻的速度更快，范围更广。50%)，但也未观察到明显的膜破裂。另一方面，当使用降解pva的细菌或酶时，最大失重约为70%，并发生薄膜破裂。酶的应用效果特别好，在最佳条件下，10天内使膜破碎成小片。这表明PVA组分的降解是完全降解甲醇的重要条件。另一方面，醋酸纤维素塑料不能被脂肪酶和/或纤维素酶降解。然而，当它经过紫外辐照后，在最佳条件下，大约60%的重量减轻。综上所述，这是加速绿色塑料降解的巨大成功，也导致了固体废物的减少和回收。

项目成果

Ishigaki,T et al: "Biodegradation of a polyvinyl alcohol-starch blend plastic film" World Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology. 15(in press). (1999)

Ishigaki,T 等人：“聚乙烯醇-淀粉共混塑料薄膜的生物降解”《世界微生物学和生物技术杂志》。

Ishigaki, T et al.: "Biodegradation of a polyvinyl alcohol-starch blend plastic film" World.J.Microbiol.Biotechnol. Vol.15(in press). (1999)

Ishigaki, T 等人：“聚乙烯醇-淀粉共混塑料薄膜的生物降解”World.J.Microbiol.Biotechnol。

石垣 智基ら: "分解酵素適用によるPVA-デンプン系プラスチックの効率的分解" 環境技術. 27(5). 344-348 (1998)

Tomoki Ishigaki 等人：“使用降解酶有效分解 PVA 淀粉塑料”27(5) 344-348 (1998)。

Ishigaki, T et al.: "Accelerated degradation of a PVA-starch blend plastic film by applying degrading enzymes" Environmental Conservation Eng.Vol.27, No.5. 344-348 (1998)

Ishigaki, T 等人：“通过应用降解酶加速 PVA-淀粉共混塑料薄膜的降解”Environmental Conservation Eng.Vol.27，No.5。