Elucidation of symbiotic phenomenon and specific diversity of symbionts in Anthocerotae (Bryophyte).

阐明花角植物（苔藓植物）中的共生现象和共生体的特定多样性。

• 批准号: 09640826
• 负责人: NAKANO Taketo
• 金额: $ 1.98万
• 依托单位: Hiroshima Institute of Technology (1999-2000)Hiroshima University (1997-1998)
• 依托单位国家: 日本
• 项目类别: Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)
• 财政年份: 1997
• 资助国家: 日本
• 起止时间: 1997 至 2000
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-09640826/
• 关键词: Symbiosis; Bryophyte; Anthocerotae; cyanobacteria; Nostoc; reconstruction; species diversity; Phaeoceros; 多様性; Phaeoceros

This investigations were made to elucidate symbiotic phenomenon and specific diversity in Anthocerotae, Bryophyte. Wild Anthocerotae, especially Phaeoceros carolinianus and Megaceros flagellaris collected from various habitats in Japan were studied on species diversity of symbionts associated with host. As the results, it was cleared that species diversity of symbiotic cyanobacteria in one individual was abundantly confirmed on P.carolianus, but on M.flagellaris, this phenomenon was rarely observed. Symbiotic cyanobacterias associating with hosts were identified as Nostoc sphaericum, N.sp.1, N.sp.2, N.sp.3. The root of this phenomenon is studying in the present time. On P.carolinianus, host and symbionts were separated by isolation methods, and cultured respectively. The separate of host was made by mature spore culture in Knop medium, and symbionts were isolated from thalli of host by axenic needle and cultured on MDM agar medium. Both strains grown under good state in culture room, 20℃, 12h/12 light and dark cycles culture condition. As reconstruction of symbiotic state, mature thalli of P.carolianua grown from spore were put on filter papers added BBM solution medium. After that, hormogon state filaments of symbiont (Nostoc sp.) were mixed as possible as soon. Their reconstruction was started after about one weeks and large cabities were formed after about one monthe. In this study, perfect reconstruction of symbiotic association was made. As reconstruction, Tissue sections of the host were made as each developmental stage of reconstruction. As results of these sections, it was clear that hormogons inversion into host tissue after passing through small pore in ventral portion. After that, hormogons were vigorously grown at the lacuna and made cavities.

本研究旨在阐明苔藓植物角苔科植物的共生现象和物种多样性。研究了日本不同生境的野生角鹿科植物，特别是加州角鹿和鞭角鹿与寄主共生体的物种多样性。结果表明，在同一个体内共生蓝藻的物种多样性在加洛林藻上得到了充分的证实，而在鞭毛藻上很少观察到这种现象。与宿主共生的蓝藻经鉴定为球形念珠藻Nostoc sphaericum，N.sp.1、N.sp.2、N.sp.3。这一现象的根源是学习在当下。采用分离的方法将宿主菌和共生菌分离，并分别进行培养。用成熟孢子在Knop培养基上培养分离寄主，用无菌针从寄主菌体上分离共生菌，并在MDM琼脂培养基上培养。在培养室、20℃、12 h/12次光暗循环培养条件下，两株菌均生长良好。将从孢子中长出的成熟菌体置于添加BBM溶液培养基的滤纸上，作为共生状态的重建。在此之后，hormogon状态的丝状体的共生体（念珠藻sp.）尽可能快地混合。大约一周后开始重建，大约一个月后形成了大的cabities。本研究对共生群丛进行了完美的重构。作为重建，在重建的每个发育阶段制作宿主的组织切片。从这些切片的结果可以清楚地看出，激素在穿过腹侧部分的小孔后转化到宿主组织中。之后，激素在空隙中旺盛生长并形成空腔。