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Basic and clinical research on speech perception and production

言语感知和产生的基础和临床研究

基本信息

批准号：
09557135
负责人：
HONJO Iwao
金额：
$ 6.53万
依托单位：
KYOTO UNIVERSITY
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (B)
财政年份：
1997
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
1997 至 1998
项目状态：
已结题

项目摘要

We examined central processing mechanism for speech perception and production using functional brain image such as positron emission tomography (PET) in subjects of hearing impairment and speech disorder as well as normal subjects. Postlingu ally deafened subjects indicated rather identical activation of auditory association areas with normal subjects. But, more activation was observed in cingulate gyms and supplementary motor area in deaf subjects. The brain imaging of prelingually deafened subjects showed quite different pattern. Most cases showed little activation in the auditory association areas by listening to speech sounds via cochlear implant. On the other hand, the auditory association areas were activated by lipreading in some prelingually deafened subjects. These results imply that the brain differentiation should differ according to verbal environment during speech acquisition period.As for vocalization, Broca* area, motor area, supplementary motor area, the cerebellum were important for output of speech. However, the auditory association areas were not activated during vocalization, which indicated that auditory feedback system was not needed to perform daily conversational vocalization. In contrast, when one* speech was distorted, the auditory association areas became to be activated, which implied the feedback system to repair vocalization. This situation is similar to that during speech acquisition period.In conclusion, we can observe various patterns of cortical processing mechanisms according to the situation of verbal environment.

我们使用正电子发射断层扫描(PET)等脑功能成像技术，研究了听力障碍和言语障碍患者以及正常受试者的言语感知和产生的中央处理机制。语言失聪的受试者表现出与正常受试者相当相同的听觉联结区域的激活。但在聋人中，扣带回和辅助运动区的激活较多。语前聋受试者的脑成像表现出截然不同的模式。大多数患者通过人工耳蜗术听语音时，听觉联想区的激活较少。另一方面，在一些语前聋的受试者中，读唇语激活了听觉关联区。这些结果表明，在语音习得过程中，大脑的分化应根据言语环境的不同而有所不同。发声时，Broca区、运动区、辅助运动区、小脑对语音输出具有重要作用。然而，发声过程中听觉关联区并未被激活，这表明日常会话发声不需要听觉反馈系统。相反，当一个语音被扭曲时，听觉关联区被激活，这意味着反馈系统修复发声。这种情况与语音习得过程中的情况类似。综上所述，我们可以根据言语环境的不同情况观察到不同的皮层加工机制模式。