Disturbance of spermatogenesis and apoptosis

精子发生受到各种压力的阻碍。据报道，细胞凋亡与精子发生失败有关。我们在每个实验模型中使用大鼠，检测细胞凋亡的表达和转录因子核因子- κB （NFκB）在精子发生障碍中的作用。【环围1】隐睾(将成熟大鼠睾丸固定在腹腔内的睾丸高温环境模型大鼠和胎儿期给予氟他胺制造的隐睾大鼠【环围2】精索扭转（单侧和双侧）【环围3】精索梗阻（单侧和双侧）【环围4】化学阉割（醋酸leuprolein 3mg/kg给药）【环围5】己烯雌酚（500μg/体× 28d）给药【包皮6】睾丸损伤索（单侧和双侧）两组大鼠睾丸萎缩程度均明显高于对照组，并可见大量凋亡细胞的表达。在单侧【encircled2】、【encircled3】和【encircled6】模型中，对侧睾丸中也发现了细胞凋亡，认为细胞凋亡与自身免疫性睾丸炎的危象有关。【包络d2】钙依赖性半胱氨酸蛋白酶calpain升高，抗氧化剂抑制calpain的产生和细胞凋亡表达。在【encircled3】中，NOS的表达随凋亡细胞的增加而增加。在各模型中观察NFκB向细胞核的转化和p53蛋白的表达，并观察凋亡的表达。此外，在【encircled4】和【encircled5】中给予NFκB抑制剂可抑制NFκB的核内转运，并增强细胞凋亡的表达。综上所述，我们认为NFκB在正常大鼠睾丸细胞中被激活，并可能抑制细胞凋亡。NFκB活性的抑制可能与精子发生障碍中细胞凋亡的强烈表达有关。少

The spermatogenesis is hindered by various stresses. It is reported that the apoptosis is concerned in the spermatogenesis failure. Using the rat in each following experimental model, we examined the expression of the apoptosis and involvement of transcription factor nuclear factor-kappa B(NFκB) for the disorder of spermatogenesis. 【encircled1】 cryptorchidism (model rat of high temperature environment of testicles which fixed the testicles of the maturation rat in the peritoneal cavity and cryptorchidism rat made by administering Flutamide for the fetal stage 【encircled2】 torsion of thespermatic cord (unilateral and bilateral) 【encircled3】 the obstruction of seminal tract cord (unilateral and bilateral) 【encircled4】 the chemical castration (leuprolerin acetate 3mg/kg administration) 【encircled5】 diethylstilbesterol (500μg/body x 28days) administration 【encircled6】 testicular trauma cord (unilateral and bilateral)The testes of either model caused the atrophy of which was more significan … More t than the controls, and the expression of large number of apoptotic cells was recognized in the process. In the unilateral model of 【encircled2】,【encircled3】 and 【encircled6】, the apoptosis was also recognized in the contra-lateral tedticles, and it considered that the apoptosis was related with the crisis of the autoimmune orchitis. In 【encircled2】 the calpain which was the calcium-dependent cysteine protease increased, and calpain production and apoptosis expression were suppressed by the antioxidant. In 【encircled3】 the expression of the NOS increased with the increase in the apoptosis cell. In each model the conversion of NFκB to the nucleus and the expression of the p53 protein were observed with the apoptosis expression. In addition, the nucleus internal transportation of NFκB was suppressed, and the apoptosis expression was strengthened when the inhibitor of NFκB was administered in 【encircled4】 and 【encircled5】.From the above results, it was considered that NFκB had been activated in the normal rat testicular cells, and it might suppress the apoptosis. The suppression of the NFκB activity seemed to be concerned in the strong expression of the apoptosis in the disturbance of the spermatogenesis. Less