Formation of Fullerene Alloys by Mechanical Alloying and its Characterization

对金属-富勒烯的机械合金化进行了研究，以期制备新型金属-碳复合材料。M-0.3 mol% C60(C70) （87 vol.% C60和13 vol.% C70的混合物），其中M=AI, Cu, Fe, Ni, Sn， Ti或Zn进行机械合金化，为了检查在MA条件下富勒烯分子的稳定性，还研究了球磨对C60（C70）的影响。x射线衍射和HRThM观察表明，经过长时间的磨矿后，固体富勒烯结构的初始fcc结构变为非晶结构。对机械研磨C60（C70）的液相色谱和红外吸收测定表明，C60（C70）分子至少在3600ks的研磨过程中是稳定的。然而，铣削导致了C60的减少，同时显示了C60和C60聚合物的二聚体的形成。C60（C70）与金属铣削720ks后，在Al-和Zn-C60（C70）体系中仍有一小部分初始C60（C70）保持其特性，而当金属为Cu、Fe、Ni或Sn时，C60（C70）的分子结构丢失。在M=Cu， Fe和Ni的情况下，M- c60 （C70）的MA粉末与M-石墨的烧结体硬度相近。与al -石墨MA粉末相比，AI-C60(C70) MA粉末烧结后的硬度提高了约40%。而在Zn的情况下，由Zn- c60 (C70) MA粉末制成的烧结体的硬度不到由Zn-石墨MA粉末制成的硬度的一半。根据金属在元素周期表上所属的元素族，讨论了C60在金属中MA后的稳定性。

Mechanical alloying (MA) of metal-fullerene was studied with a view to produce new metal-carbon composites. M-0.3 mol% C60(C70) (a mixture of 87 vol.% C60 and 13 vol.% C70), where M=AI, Cu, Fe, Ni, Sn, Ti or Zn were mechanically alloyed, In order to check the stability of fullerene molecules under MA condition, effect of ball milling on C60(C70) was also investigated. X-ray diffraction and HRThM observation revealed that the initial fcc structure of solid fullerene structure turned out to be an amorphous structure after a long time milling. Liquid chromatography and infrared absorption mea- surements done on the mechanically milled C60(C70) showed that the C60(C70) molecules were stable at least up to 3600 ks of milling. However, milling results in a reduced fraction of C60 and for the same time, showed the formation of a dimer of C60 and C60 polymer. . After milling C60(C70) with a metal for 720ks, a small fraction of the initial C60(C70) retained its identity in Al- and Zn-C60(C70) systems, whereas the molecular structure of C60(C70) is lost when the metal was Cu, Fe, Ni or Sn. The sintered compacts made from the MA powder of a M-C60(C70) and a M-graphite showed similar hardness in the cases of M=Cu, Fe and Ni. However, the sintered compacts made from an AI-C60(C70) MA powder showed about a 40% increase in hardness compared with that made from an Al-graphite MA powder. While in the case of Zn, the hardness of the sintered compact made from the Zn-C60(C70) MA powder was less than half of that made from a Zn-graphite MA powder. The stability of C60 in a metal after MA was discussed according to which element group the metal belonged to on the periodic table.