Plant-arthropod associations from the Lower Miocene of the Most Basin in northern Bohemia (Czech Republic)

波西米亚北部最盆地下中新世的植物-节肢动物群落（捷克共和国）

• 批准号: 90621048
• 负责人: Professor Dr. Torsten Wappler
• 金额: --
• 依托单位: Hessisches Landesmuseum Darmstadt
• 依托单位国家: 德国
• 项目类别: Research Grants
• 财政年份: 2008
• 资助国家: 德国
• 起止时间: 2007-12-31 至 2011-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://gepris.dfg.de/gepris/projekt/90621048?language=en
• 关键词: Plant; arthropod; associations; Lower; Miocene

Terrestrial plants and insects account for the majority of the Earth's biodiversity today, and almost half of insect species are herbivores. Thus, insects and plants share ancient associations that date back now for more than 300 million years. However, investigation of their interactions still stands largely at their beginning. More than 2400 plants remains are available for the examinations. The variety of these damages which are classified as socalled "guilds" or functional feeding-groups supplies an outstanding example of the complexity, the structure and the change of terrestrial ecosystems. The primary objective of the project is to document changes in insect herbivory through the Oligocene / Miocene boundary, with the aim of understanding the principal factors that caused the observations. Ecological and palaeontological studies indicate that temperature, precipitation, leaf nutrient content and floral diversity can influence insect herbivory. However, plant-insect interactions, a dominant feature of terrestrial ecosystems, are not well known during this interval. In Europe, the Neogene is characterized by palaeogeographic reorganization due to the collision of the African with the Eurasian plate. In addition to the global climatic changes, the tectonic development and sea level changes severely influenced the climate in Eurasia. The Neogene European palaeofloral record is very rich and diverse which support a profound large-scale understanding of the floristic and vegetational development. The project will combine quantitative studies of late Miocene fossil plant-animal interactions and contemporary insect faunas. A database of all fossil traces will be compiled and analysed in terms of the diversity and intensity of palaeo-herbivory.

陆地植物和昆虫占当今地球生物多样性的大部分，几乎一半的昆虫物种是食草动物。因此，昆虫和植物有着古老的联系，其历史可以追溯到三亿多年前。然而，对它们相互作用的调查很大程度上仍处于起步阶段。超过2400个植物遗骸可供检查。这些损害的多样性被归类为所谓的“行会”或功能性进食群体，为陆地生态系统的复杂性、结构和变化提供了一个突出的例子。该项目的主要目标是记录渐新世/中新世边界昆虫食草的变化，目的是了解引起观测的主要因素。生态学和古生物学研究表明，温度、降水、叶子养分含量和花卉多样性会影响昆虫的食草性。然而，植物与昆虫的相互作用，作为陆地生态系统的一个主要特征，在此期间并不为人所知。在欧洲，新近纪的特点是由于非洲板块与欧亚板块的碰撞而导致的古地理重组。除了全球气候变化外，构造发育和海平面变化也严重影响了欧亚大陆的气候。新近纪欧洲古植物记录非常丰富多样，支持对植物区系和植被发育的深刻、大规模的了解。该项目将结合晚中新世化石动植物相互作用和当代昆虫区系的定量研究。将根据古草食动物的多样性和强度来编制和分析所有化石痕迹的数据库。