Development of water renovation technology in Thailand

在泰国，由于生活和工业废水的排放，水环境日益恶化，本研究项目开发了利用生物生态工程的水修复技术，以保护湖泊和水库等水资源。首先，大量的生活污水进入城市的湖泊、水库和库区，造成了水污染。从卫生学角度来看，在这些水体中检测到了大肠菌群，降低了水质。研究表明，非点源污染是农业面临的严重问题之一，它是随着森林砍伐而流失的表层土壤。其次，根据对食品废水处理设施的调查结果表明，污水处理需要固定微型动物才能获得清澈的出水，应用由微型动物组成的食物链，…通过对这些生物产量的调查发现，污水处理中较多的孔雀鱼和叉尾鱼有利于捕食者-捕食者相互作用导致的污泥减少。第三，芦苇香蒲人工湿地低强度污水处理系统在热带地区具有很高的脱氮效率和稳定性，因为这种水生植物的根具有很高的脱氮能力，而且这些植物常年生长。此外，根据泰国作为饮用水水源的湖泊和水库中蓝藻及其毒素如微囊藻毒素的调查结果，在任何水源中观察到微囊藻和微囊藻毒素，世界卫生组织饮用水水质标准标准为1mug/L，在取水站附近的肌肉区域检测到了10mug/L以上的细菌，防治富营养化在水源地具有重要意义。如上所述，本研究项目取得了非常有益的成果，但还需要进一步研究开发有效的水修复技术、泻湖和小型污水处理设施的易维护性以及低能耗、低成本的修复技术。较少

In Thailand, water environment is getting wrong by infuent of domestic and industrial wastewater, In this research project, water renovation technology using bio-ecoengineering was developed for protection of water resources such as lakes and reservoirs. It was meda clear that described as follows.First, water pollution is in progress by large quantity of domestic wastewater flowing into lakes, reservoir and klong in urban area. and coliform bacteria was detected in such water bodies decreasing water quality from the view point of sanitary. It was made clear that non point source pollution, which is lost of surface soil with deforestation, is one of serious problems in agricultural area. And development of countermeasure against these problems is necessary as soon as possible.Secound, as results of survey of food wastewater treatment facility that fixation of microanimal was necessary for wastewater traetment to obtain clear effluent, application of food chain composed of microanimal, … More guppy and catfish to wastewater treatment was useful for sludge decrease caused by prey-predator interact ion from the investigation of yields of these organisms. Third, low strength wastewater treatment system using constructed wetland with reed and cattail was very useful in tropical area for its high nitrogen removal efficiency and stability because root of such aquatic plant have high nitrogen removal potential and these plant grew all through the year.Furthermore, as results of the survey of blue-green algae and its toxin such as microcystin in lakes and reservoirs utilized as drinking water resource in Thailand that bloom of Microcystis observed in nany water resources and microcystin, which was standardized as 1mug/L in WHO guidline for drinking water quality, was detected over lOOmug/L in muscle area near the taking water station for drinking water and countermeasures against eutrophication was very important in water resource area.As described above, very useful results were obtained in this research project, however, further investigation is necessary for development of effective water renovation technology, easilizalt ion of maintenance of lagoon and small scale wastewater treatment facility and renovation techno logy with low energy and low cost. Less