Development of water renovation technology in Thailand

在泰国，由于生活和工业废水的影响，水环境正在恶化，在这个研究项目中，利用生物生态工程开发了水改造技术，以保护湖泊和水库等水资源。很清楚，描述如下。首先，大量的生活污水流入城市的湖泊、水库和河流，造成了水污染。从卫生角度看，在这些水体中检出大肠菌群，降低了水质。明确了非点源污染是农业地区面临的严重问题之一，即随着森林砍伐而流失的表层土壤。针对这些问题，有必要尽快制定对策。其次，根据对食品废水处理设施的调查结果，废水处理需要固定微动物以获得清澈的出水，将微动物组成的食物链应用于废水处理中，从这些生物的产量调查中可以看出，更多的孔雀鱼和鲶鱼有助于减少因食饵-捕食者相互作用引起的污泥。第三，芦苇和香蒲人工湿地低强度污水处理系统在热带地区具有很高的脱氮效率和稳定性，因为这些水生植物的根具有很高的脱氮潜力，并且这些植物全年生长。此外，根据泰国饮用水资源利用湖泊和水库中蓝绿藻及其毒素微囊藻毒素的调查结果，在许多水资源中发现了微囊藻华，而在饮用水取水站附近的肌肉区检测到微囊藻毒素超过1微克/升，WHO饮用水水质指南中微囊藻毒素的标准为1微克/升。因此，水资源区应对富营养化的措施非常重要。如上所述，本研究项目获得了非常有益的结果，但需要进一步研究开发有效的水改造技术，简化泻湖和小型污水处理设施的维护，以及低能耗、低成本的改造技术。少

In Thailand, water environment is getting wrong by infuent of domestic and industrial wastewater, In this research project, water renovation technology using bio-ecoengineering was developed for protection of water resources such as lakes and reservoirs. It was meda clear that described as follows.First, water pollution is in progress by large quantity of domestic wastewater flowing into lakes, reservoir and klong in urban area. and coliform bacteria was detected in such water bodies decreasing water quality from the view point of sanitary. It was made clear that non point source pollution, which is lost of surface soil with deforestation, is one of serious problems in agricultural area. And development of countermeasure against these problems is necessary as soon as possible.Secound, as results of survey of food wastewater treatment facility that fixation of microanimal was necessary for wastewater traetment to obtain clear effluent, application of food chain composed of microanimal, … More guppy and catfish to wastewater treatment was useful for sludge decrease caused by prey-predator interact ion from the investigation of yields of these organisms. Third, low strength wastewater treatment system using constructed wetland with reed and cattail was very useful in tropical area for its high nitrogen removal efficiency and stability because root of such aquatic plant have high nitrogen removal potential and these plant grew all through the year.Furthermore, as results of the survey of blue-green algae and its toxin such as microcystin in lakes and reservoirs utilized as drinking water resource in Thailand that bloom of Microcystis observed in nany water resources and microcystin, which was standardized as 1mug/L in WHO guidline for drinking water quality, was detected over lOOmug/L in muscle area near the taking water station for drinking water and countermeasures against eutrophication was very important in water resource area.As described above, very useful results were obtained in this research project, however, further investigation is necessary for development of effective water renovation technology, easilizalt ion of maintenance of lagoon and small scale wastewater treatment facility and renovation techno logy with low energy and low cost. Less