MULTI-DISCIPLINARY STUDIES ON CEREBELLAR LONG-TERM PLASTICITY

1、突触的传递和基因表达：我们发现依赖代谢性谷氨酸受体(MGluR)的慢EPSP需要在几分钟内快速蛋白质合成(与Masao Iro博士合作)。2、小脑有限公司在体内持续几个小时：我们使用Kado博士设计的宏电极，在体内能够记录几个小时的大脑特异重复序列。3、只在Rattus中发现的脑特定重复序列：我们发现了一种新型的在大鼠大脑中特异表达的重复序列，例如海马体、小脑浦肯野和嗅觉二尖瓣细胞。每个单倍体基因组大约有150个拷贝，令我们惊讶的是，只有老鼠身上，没有其他物种被研究。4，学习行为下的基因表达：我们在视听辨别任务下检测了c-Fos的表达，该任务由Yoshio Sakurai博士(京都大学)开发。在使用听觉提示的条件下，c-Fos的表达显著高于…更引人注目的是增强了。Kitsukawa等人。研究了轮子转动模式改变条件下c-Fos的表达，发现只有改变模式后，背侧壳核中c-Fos的表达才显著增强。5、寻找灵长类新皮质特定区域的基因表达：新皮质可分为组织化学和解剖学上不同的区域，这些区域在脑中的信息处理中发挥重要作用。在丘脑神经支配到达之前，人们一直在争论这些区域在多大程度上是预先确定的，但仍未得出结论。如果我们能获得在新皮质特定区域特异表达的标记物，这将是有用的。使用差异显示方法搜索这类基因，我们发现了一个以活动依赖的方式在视皮层特异表达的基因(ocl；Toitani等人，在出版社中)，以及另一个在运动皮质中特异表达的基因(gdf7：Watakabe等人，出版社中)。较少

1, Synaptic transmission and gene expression : we found that rapid protein synthesis within a few minutes is required for metabotropic glutamate receptor dependent (mGLUR) slow EPSP (in collaboration with Dr. Masao Iro).2, Cerebellar LTD in vivo lasting for several hours : we were able to record cerebeliar LTD in vivo for several hours, using macro electrode designed by Dr. Kado.3, Brain specific repetitive sequence only found in the Rattus : we found a novel type of repetitive sequence which is specifically expressed in the brain of rats, for example hippocampus, cerebellar Purkinje and olfactory mitral cells. The genes are about 150 copies per haploid genome, to our surprise, only in the rattus but no other species examined.4, Gene expression under learning behavior : we have examined c-Fos expression under an audio-visual discrimination task which has been developed by Dr. Yoshio Sakurai (Kyoto University). Under the condition where auditory cue was used, c-Fos expression was signif … More icantly enhanced. Kitsukawa et al. have examined c-Fos expression under the condition where the pattern of the pegs on wheel running was changed., finding c-Fos expression was markedly enhanced in the dorsal putamen only when the pattern was changed.5, Searching for genes expressed in the specific areas of the primate neocortex : the neocortex can be divided into the histochemically and anatomically distinct areas which play important roles in informational processing in the brain. It has been debated what extent the areas are predetermined before the thalamic innervation reached, but still not concluded. It would be useful if we can obtain the markers that are specifically expressed in the specific areas of the neocortex. Searching for this kind of genes using differential display methods, we identified one gene specifically expressed in the visual cortex in an activity dependent manner (occl ; Tochitani et al, in press) and the other gene specifically expressed in the motor cortex (gdf7 : Watakabe et al., in press). Less